<span>Lafora disease is the most severe teenage-onset progressive epilepsy, a unique form of glycogenosis with perikaryal accumulation of an abnormal form of glycogen, and a neurodegenerative disorder exhibiting an unusual generalized organellar disintegration. The disease is caused by mutations of the EPM2A gene, which encodes two isoforms of the laforin protein tyrosine phosphatase, having alternate carboxyl termini, one localized in the cytoplasm (endoplasmic reticulum) and the other in the nucleus. To date, all documented disease mutations, including the knockout mouse model deletion, have been in the segment of the protein common to both isoforms. It is therefore not known whether dysfunction of the cytoplasmic, nuclear, or both isoforms leads to the disease. In the present work, we identify six novel mutations, one of which, c.950insT (Q319fs), is the first mutation specific to the cytoplasmic laforin isoform, implicating this isoform in disease pathogenesis. To confirm this mutation's deleterious effect on laforin, we studied the resultant protein's subcellular localization and function and show a drastic reduction in its phosphatase activity, despite maintenance of its location at the endoplasmic reticulum.
I got my information from </span>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14722920
<span>a. chemicals produced by neurons that function as hormones—neurohormones
b. chemicals that act locally on nearby cells—paracrine factors
c. chemicals secreted by presynaptic terminal—neurotransmiters
d. influences same cell type from which it is secreted—autocrine agent
e. chemical secreted into the blood by specialized cells; travels some distance to target tissues—endocrine hormones</span>
Answer:
Atmosphere, plant, animals, fossil fuels.
Explanation:
Carbon Is the essential elements needed for life.
Carbon cycle is the movement of carbon from the atmosphere to the Earth.
Carbon move in the carbon cycle and start from the atmosphere.
In the atmosphere, carbon react with oxygen and it is inform of carbon dioxide. Plants use the carbondioxide along with water,and uses light energy from the sun to produce carbohydrates through a process of photosynthesis.
Animals get carbon from plants after consuming plants.
During respiration, carbon atoms are released to the atmosphere.
Some human activities like burning of fossil fuels releases carbon to the atmosphere.
Oceania, South America, and Southeast Asia.
Hello,
The answer is "natural selection is how animals, or plants survive or adapt to their environment".
Reason:
Natural selection is how animals, or<span> plants survive or adapt to their environment this idea came up by Charles Darwin and how he examined the birds beaks which means he came up with the theory of evolution which means that animals evolve to a different type of that species to adapt to there environment with is natural selection.
If you need anymore help feel free to ask me!
Hope this helps!
~Nonportrit </span>
