Cultural traits are the individual elements or smallest units of culture. It is these traits, which distinguish one culture from another. A cultural pattern is formed when traits and complexes become connected to each other in Tylor’s definition lay in his “complex whole” formulation, it varied cultures of different peoples or societies. While cultural complexes is a group of cultural traits that are all interrelated and dominated with one essential trait. To make substantial and accurate comparisons between cultures, lives are always entangled in complex patterns of work and family, power and meaning, they also focus a lot on the differences between every person it was discovered that physical traits that had been used to.
Answer:
e. All of the above are considered species under at least one species concept.
Explanation:
All of the abovementioned conditions satisfy at least one condition of species definition. Further arguments are given below to support each statement,
a. A species is the <u>monophyletic group</u> of individuals who has a <u>common ancestor</u> which could be <u>distinguished from the closest phylogenetic relative</u> based on <u>conserved genes</u> (16S in bacteria and 18S in eukaryotes). In the statement above, beetles satisfy this condition.
b. A species is the group of individuals that are capable of <u>exchanging genes or can interbreed</u>. In the above statement, birds who are interbreeding with each other must be a single species.
c. A metapopulation is generically defined as the group of populations who are <u>separated by space</u> but are the <u>same species according to phylogenetic analysis</u>. Thus, the metapopulation of salamanders who are linked by gene flow (gene migration) should be treated as one species.
d. The word "<u>lineage</u>" already conveys the message that these bacteria belong share <u>sample place in the phylogenetic tree</u> and they are capable to adapt the same environmental niche. Therefore, they should be considered as one species. This can be easily tested via 16S rRNA sequencing.
Hey I don't know the answer but what you can do is open another tab and go back to your lesson the answer might be in there.
The answer to your question would be A. i hope this answer has helped
Clostridium, Bacteroides, and the methane-producing archaea (methanogens), are called obligate anaerobes because their energy-generating metabolic processes are not coupled with the consumption of oxygen.
