B) climate
Climate is influenced by all of the factors listed in the question, as well as ocean currents, temperature and percipitation.
        
                    
             
        
        
        
D) yes because in order to inherent a recessive trait you would have to have two recessive genes. In this case it’s (gg) 
E)Yes because the parents have the genes (Hh) and (hh). (I’m assuming based off the first question) Therefore, if an offspring has hanging earlobes there’s a 50% chance they’d have the genes (Hh)
        
             
        
        
        
The movement of substances across the cell membrane either into or out of the cell
        
             
        
        
        
For example driving cars, they release nitrogen and sulfur in the water vapor. This causes the water vapor to be more acidic. So then When the precipitation falls back to the Earth it comes down as acid rain. 
        
             
        
        
        
1) pathogen 
2) viruses 
Some bacteria are not harmful to your body hence not all of them are pathogens