Answer:
A phospholipid
a. has both polar and nonpolar regions.
Explanation:
Phospholipids, as amphipathic molecules, consist of a glycerol molecule, two fatty acids, and a phosphate group that is modified by an alcohol. The phosphate group is the negatively-charged hydrophilic (water-loving) polar head, which face outward and are attracted to the intracellular and extracellular fluid. The fatty acids are the uncharged, hydrophobic (water-fearing) nonpolar tails, which face the inside, away from the water and meet in the inner region of the membrane.
The correct answer is (a).
Both L-D and L-IND reactions take place in the chloroplast of the cell but in different parts or locations. L-D reactions take place in the chloroplast thylakoids while L-IND reactions take place in the chloroplast stroma.
Chloroplasts are chlorophyll- filled organelles mostly found in the leaves of green plants. Chloroplasts are surrounded by a double membrane called the thykaloid membrane that forms long folds within the organelle. In electron micrographs, the thykaloid membranes look like stacked coins. Chlorophyll is located within the thykaloid membranes.
Between the thykaloid membrane and the chloroplast membrane is a space. This space is what is called the stroma.
Answer:
Wild type
Explanation:
It refers to the phenotype that is found in nature. Naturally the form that is commonly seen in nature and is used for experiment is this type only.
This concept is useful in many experiment as it can be used as a model organism. Example: Drosophila melanogaster.
Manipulation of genes produces different type of phenotype other than wild type which is not generally seen in the nature.
The gradient of streams tends to be steeper in their upper reaches and gentler in their lower reaches<span>.</span>
FCRL4 is a type of immunoregulatory receptor. It is expressed by memory B cells (MBCs) localized in sub-epithelial regions of lymphoid tissues. Both FCRL4 and Glutathione function as pro-inflammatory for b-cells and t-cells respectively during the event of autoimmune disease responses.
