1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
CaHeK987 [17]
3 years ago
8

Excess magnesium reacts with 165.0 grams of hydrochloric acid in a single displacement reaction.

Chemistry
1 answer:
JulsSmile [24]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

The volume of hydrogen gas produced will be approximately 50.7 liters under STP.

Explanation:

Relative atomic mass data from a modern periodic table:

  • H: 1.008;
  • Cl: 35.45.

Magnesium is a reactive metal. It reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce

  • Hydrogen gas \rm H_2, and
  • Magnesium chloride, which is a salt.

The chemical equation will be something like

\rm ?\;Mg\;(s) + ?\;HCl \;(aq)\to ?\;H_2 \;(g)+ [\text{Formula of the Salt}],

where the coefficients and the formula of the salt are to be found.

To determine the number of moles of \rm H_2 that will be produced, first find the formula of the salt, magnesium chloride.

Magnesium is a group 2 metal. The oxidation state of magnesium in compounds tends to be +2.

On the other hand, the charge on each chloride ion is -1. Each magnesium ion needs to pair up with two chloride ions for the charge to balance in the salt, magnesium chloride. The formula for the salt will be \rm MgCl_2.

\rm ?\;Mg\;(s) + ?\;HCl\;(aq) \to ?\;H_2 \;(g)+ ?\;MgCl_2\;(aq).

Balance the equation. \rm MgCl_2 contains the largest number of atoms among all species in this reaction. Start by setting its coefficient to 1.

\rm ?\;Mg\;(s) + ?\;HCl\;(aq) \to ?\;H_2 \;(g)+ {\bf 1\;MgCl_2}\;(aq).

The number of \rm Mg and \rm Cl atoms shall be the same on both sides. Therefore

\rm {\bf 1\;Mg}\;(s) + {\bf 2\;HCl}\;(aq) \to ?\;H_2 \;(g)+ {1\;\underset{\wedge}{Mg}\underset{\wedge}{Cl_2}}\;(aq).

The number of \rm H atoms shall also conserve. Hence the equation:

\rm {1\;Mg}\;(s) + {2\;\underset{\wedge}{H}Cl}\;(aq) \to {\bf 1\;H_2 \;(g)}+ {1\;MgCl_2}\;(aq).

How many moles of HCl are available?

M(\rm HCl) = 1.008 + 35.45 = 36.458\;g\cdot mol^{-1}.

\displaystyle n({\rm HCl}) = \frac{m(\text{HCl})}{M(\text{HCl})} = \rm \frac{165.0\;g}{36.458\;g\cdot mol^{-1}} = 4.52576\;mol.

How many moles of Hydrogen gas will be produced?

Refer to the balanced chemical equation, the coefficient in front of \rm HCl is 2 while the coefficient in front of \rm H_2 is 1. In other words, it will take two moles of \rm HCl to produce one mole of \rm H_2. \rm 4.52576\;mol of \rm HCl will produce only one half as much \rm H_2.

Alternatively, consider the ratio between the coefficient in front of \rm H_2 and \rm HCl is:

\displaystyle \frac{n(\text{H}_2)}{n(\text{HCl})} = \frac{1}{2}.

\displaystyle n(\text{H}_2) = n(\text{HCl})\cdot \frac{n(\text{H}_2)}{n(\text{HCl})} = \frac{1}{2}\;n(\text{HCl}) = \rm \frac{1}{2}\times 4.52576\;mol = 2.26288\;mol.

What will be the volume of that many hydrogen gas?

One mole of an ideal gas occupies a volume of 22.4 liters under STP (where the pressure is 1 atm.) On certain textbook where STP is defined as \rm 1.00\times 10^{5}\;Pa, that volume will be 22.7 liters.

V(\text{H}_2) = \rm 2.26288\;mol\times 22.4\;L\cdot mol^{-1} = 50.69\; L, or

V(\text{H}_2) = \rm 2.26288\;mol\times 22.7\;L\cdot mol^{-1} = 51.37\; L.

The value "165.0 grams" from the question comes with four significant figures. Keep more significant figures than that in calculations. Round the final result to four significant figures.

You might be interested in
Which atom attracts electrons most strongly? br F Rb
Brut [27]

Answer:

fluorine atoms!!! can you please mark brainliest?

3 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
1. Though Florida receives a lot of rainfall, only 1 percent remains available for people to use or drink. What happens to the r
timama [110]
<span>I am sure these answers are correct cause I've checked all of them. Here they are : 

1) The thing which might h</span>appen to the rest of the water is that 61% of that water leaves the ground through evapotranspiration and <span>38% will flow into the Atlantic Ocean. 
</span>
2) The four states which  receive drinking water from Florida are : <span> South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi 

3) The</span> reason why  people in Florida wanted to get rid of the water in certain areas is abundance of wetlands. I think there is one more, if it is acceptable I suggest you using this - frequent flooding.<span>

4) </span><span> The negative result of the changes which people made to get rid of the water is the first sign of </span>drought.

5) The thing that has been done to try and improve those mistakes was creating a tool which looked like a dam to prevent dfficulties with <span>navigating the state.

Hope that helps.</span>
8 0
3 years ago
What is the main purpose of patent attorneys?
Aneli [31]
To protect the patents of those they work . Patents are legal rights of ownership to something that you have made or created.


Please vote my answer branliest! Thanks .
3 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
What shape does N2H4 have? (linear, bent, planar, pyramid, tetrahedral, or none)
Salsk061 [2.6K]
The N2H4 bond angle will be probably 109 degrees. Since, well,<span> it has a bent </span>trigonal pyramidal<span> geometry.</span>
8 0
3 years ago
Define an ion in chemistry
REY [17]
Ion is an atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to loss or gain of one or more electrons.
4 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • Carbon, hydrogen, silicon, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus are the six most important elements found in living things.
    11·1 answer
  • Water sits in an open beaker. assuming constant temperature and pressure, the vapor pressure of the water ______________ as the
    9·1 answer
  • Approximately how many years does it take for one centimeter of soil to form? *
    13·1 answer
  • A buffer solution is 0.310 M in H2SO3 and 0.304 M in NaHSO3. If Ka1 forH2SO4 is 1.7e-2 , what is the pH of this buffer solution
    14·1 answer
  • A medical lab technician measures the mass of cholesterol in a blood sample. the mass is ×3.58110−5g . what is the mass in micro
    6·1 answer
  • What new information can you add to your definition of chemical change
    6·1 answer
  • In the reaction between Li and O, there is a transfer of electrons making an ionic bond. In the bond, lithium would be a (n) bec
    10·1 answer
  • How many grams of silver are present in 12.044 x 1023 atoms of Ag?
    10·1 answer
  • Plssss help me I only have 10 mins.
    15·2 answers
  • Why does magnesium chloride need to be molten in electrolysis
    8·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!