1. Pipette, measuring cylinder
The answer is 1) mixing of two gases by diffusion.
Once 2 gases are mixed by diffusion, they cannot be obtained from the mixture of gases. Hence, it is considered to be an irreversible process.
1.008x10^16 Joules. Technically a theory and not a law. but E=MC^2!
energy=mass ×speed of light squared.
J=kg×(m/s)^2