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koban [17]
3 years ago
14

What procedures are at the core of scientific methodology

Biology
2 answers:
Brilliant_brown [7]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Scientific Methodology involves the following procedures of

-observing and making enquires,

-formulating inferences and developing hypotheses,

-performing controlled experiments,

-gathering and evaluating data,

-and coming into conclusions.

postnew [5]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

Observation, hypothesis formulation, experimentation, interpretation of results, and conclusion.

Explanation:

So, basically the main steps of the scientific method are observation, hypothesis formulation, experimentation, interpretation of results, and finally a conclusion.

In addition, there are some essential concepts for understanding the scientific method.

First, Observation in science must be made precisely and very carefully, with smallest details.

Then we have the hypothesis, which is a possible explanation for a given phenomenon and should be tested by a large number of experiments. If the hypothesis is confirmed, it may origns laws and theories. A law can only be formulated after a certain number of similar observations since it has the characteristic of describing events that invariably and uniformly manifest themselves.

Finally, the theory is probably the step of the scientific method that happens most misunderstandings. It is a hypothesis tested by various experiments, from different people, and with high reproducibility, that can generate a theory or model. So, unlike common sense, to become a theory there must be very robust evidence and little contradiction on that subject.

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An additional gene, gene W, was also examined. A test cross was made between true-breeding EEWW flies and EEWW flies. The result
Debora [2.8K]

This question is incorrect but here is the correct question below;

An additional gene,gene W was also examined. a test cross was made between true breeding EEWW flies and eeww flies. The resulting F₁ generation was then crossed with eeww flies. 100 offspring in the F₂ generation were examined and it was discovered that the E and W genes were not linked.

Which is the correct genotype of the F₂ offspring if the genes were linked and if the genes were not linked?

a) Linked: 50% EeWw and 50% eeww; not linked: 25% EeWw, 25% Eeww, 25% eeWw and 25% eeww.

b) Linked: 25% Eeww, 50% eeWw; not linked:parental genotypes EeWw and eeww.

c) Linked genotypes (EeWw and eeww) and recombinant genotype ( Eeww & eeWw) in the F₂ generation are nearly the same irrespective of their linkage.

d) Linked: mostly with parental genotypes, Eeww and eeWw; unlinked: 25% EeWw and eeww with 75% Eeww and eeWw.

Answer:

a) Linked: 50% EeWw and 50% eeww; not linked: 25% EeWw, 25% Eeww, 25% eeWw and 25% eeww.

Explanation:

a test cross was made between true breeding EEWW flies and eeww flies

If EEWW self crossed, we have the following ( EW, EW, EW, EW)

Also, for eeww, we have ( ew, ew, ew, ew)

                   

                    EW                   EW                     EW                   EW

ew               EWew               EWew               EWew               EWew      

ew               EWew               EWew               EWew               EWew

ew               EWew               EWew               EWew               EWew

ew               EWew               EWew               EWew               EWew

All offspring are  (EWew)

The question goes further by saying "The resulting F₁ generation was then crossed with eeww flies".

And we are asked to find the correct genotype of the F₂ offspring if the genes were linked and if the genes were not linked

∴

To determine  the offsprings of the linked genes we need to go by the definition and understand what linked genes are: Linked genes are genes that are physically close together on the same chromosomes. Effect of recombinantion on linked genes, results in gene swaps which occur in chromosomes that are homologous.

Having said that; If  EWew × eeww

we have;                 EW   &   ew    ×    ew  &    ew

           EW               ew

ew       EeWw          eeww

ew       EeWw          eeww

offspring that

are linked in   ⇒     EeWw    EeWw     &      eeww      eeww

F₂   will be

\frac{1}{2} = 50% of EeWw of the total 100 offspring in the F₂ cross

\frac{1}{2} = 50% of eeww of the total 100 offspring in the F₂ cross

∴ Linked genes =  50% EeWw and 50% eeww.

For unlinked genes; If  EWew × eeww

if rearrangement occurs in EWew  and EWew self crossed, we have ( EW,Ew,eW,ew) as the traits needed for the unlinked gene F₂ crossing.

Also ewew will be (ew, ew, ew, ew).

                       EW                    Ew                    eW                    ew

ew                  EeWw               Eeww                eeWw                eeww

ew                  EeWw               Eeww                eeWw                eeww

ew                  EeWw              Eeww                 eeWw                eeww

ew                  EeWw              Eeww                 eeWw                eeww

We have the following results for the unlinked genes

\frac{1}{4} = EeWw  25% of the total 100 offspring in the F₂ cross

\frac{1}{4} = Eeww   25% of the total 100 offspring in the F₂ cross

\frac{1}{4} = eeWw   25% of the total 100 offspring in the F₂ cross

\frac{1}{4} = eeww    25% of the total 100 offspring in the F₂ cross

∴ not linked: 25% EeWw, 25% Eeww, 25% eeWw and 25% eeww.

3 0
3 years ago
A pea plant with purple flowers is crossed with a pea plant that has white flowers. All the offspring are purple, so we can conc
Gnoma [55]

Answer:

That the purple trait is dominant and the purple pea plant has a gene type of PP and the white flower has a gene type of pp

6 0
3 years ago
rue or false: DNA replication in eukaryotes occurs unidirectionally from multiple origins of replication.
IrinaVladis [17]

Answer:

False

Explanation:

In eukaryotes, replication begins from multiple origins of replication and the replication forks move bidirectionally to replicate the DNA.

6 0
2 years ago
A
pickupchik [31]

Answer:

Punnett square

Explanation:

6 0
3 years ago
NEED ANSWERED ASAP
Alex73 [517]

Answer:

anticodon sequence of three nucleotides on a tRNA molecule that bond to a complementary sequence on an mRNA molecule.

4 0
3 years ago
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