<span>MacDonaldization was first described by sociologist George Ritzer at the University of Maryland. He used Max Weber's classic theory about bureaucracy as his jumping off point.
Weber, a nineteenth and early twentieth century German sociologist, said that bureaucracy would be the "wave of the future." Bureaucratic methods reduced every operation to its constituent parts and then had workers specifically trained to do just that one job. In a sense, this put an end to "old world craftsmanship," and was compatible with assembly-line methods of the new factory system.
He used the MacDonald fast food chain as a metaphor. Every MacDonalds in the world operates exactly the same way. French fries are cut uniformly. No one has to decide when they are "done" in the fryer. That has been computed and programmed into the frying machine. Therefore, the fries always come out exactly the same.
Each step in the preparation of the meal is done the same way. Consequently, the Big Mac that you buy in Tokyo tastes exactly the same as one you might buy in Rio de Janeiro or New York City.
MacDonaldization emphasizes uniformity, redundancy, reductionism, and familiarity. Weber, incidentally, liked some of the qualities of bureaucratization, but he warned that -- if it were not closely watched -- it could run amok. This is, essentially, what Ritzer means by MacDonaldization.
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Answer:
Literate people can read and write simple sentence but illiterate people cannot understand writings and its difficult for them even to understand it.
Increased Food production, Better medical
Facilities, High Birth and Low death rate.
<span>Increased food production has helped people in
drought stricken areas and other people who previously had less access to food
to have more. Better medical facilities are helping people cue and control the
diseases. Because of the medical facilities birth rate is getting high as
compared to death rate which is also contributing to growth in world
population. Another reason according to some is the mass immigration of people
from developing countries to developed countries where they get better
lifestyle and better survival. </span>
Answer:
Equity
Explanation:
Equity Theory
This simply talks about how individuals do perceive fairness in an organization setting. This is based on a ratio of inputs and outputs as it is more concerned about individual preferences on fairness. The Inputs includes: Energy, knowledge, hard work while the outcomes of these inputs birth: Salary, benefits, job satisfaction etc.
The theory of equity generally assumes that individuals will push or strive for fairness in their relationships. When people perceive unfairness, they get distressed. Inequity in an organization is a potential tool of creating dissatisfaction. People who gives their best and commit a lot of time and input and receive a little perceive inequity. While Ratio differences as a key to equity theory is of the view that a relationship do not have to be equal to be equitable.
