Could a mixture be made up of only elements and no compounds? explain.
1 answer:
You might be interested in
Answer:
- [Ag⁺] = 1.3 × 10⁻⁵M
- s = 3.3 × 10⁻¹⁰ M
- Because the common ion effect.
Explanation:
<u></u>
<u>1. Value of [Ag⁺] in a saturated solution of AgCl in distilled water.</u>
The value of [Ag⁺] in a saturated solution of AgCl in distilled water is calculated by the dissolution reaction:
- AgCl(s) ⇄ Ag⁺ (aq) + Cl⁻ (aq)
The ICE (initial, change, equilibrium) table is:
- AgCl(s) ⇄ Ag⁺ (aq) + Cl⁻ (aq)
I X 0 0
C -s +s +s
E X - s s s
Since s is very small, X - s is practically equal to X and is a constant, due to which the concentration of the solids do not appear in the Ksp equation.
Thus, the Ksp equation is:
- Ksp = [Ag⁺] [Cl⁻]
- Ksp = s × s
- Ksp = s²
By substitution:
- 1.8 × 10⁻¹⁰ = s²
- s = 1.34 × 10⁻⁵M
Rounding to two significant figures:
- [Ag⁺] = 1.3 × 10⁻⁵M ← answer
<u></u>
<u>2. Molar solubility of AgCl(s) in seawater</u>
Since, the conentration of Cl⁻ in seawater is 0.54 M you must introduce this as the initial concentration in the ECE table.
The new ICE table will be:
- AgCl(s) ⇄ Ag⁺ (aq) + Cl⁻ (aq)
I X 0 0.54
C -s +s +s
E X - s s s + 0.54
The new equation for the Ksp equation will be:
- Ksp = [Ag⁺] [Cl⁻]
- Ksp = s × ( s + 0.54)
- Ksp = s² + 0.54s
By substitution:
- 1.8 × 10⁻¹⁰ = s² + 0.54s
- s² + 0.54s - 1.8 × 10⁻¹⁰ = 0
Now you must solve a quadratic equation.
Use the quadratic formula:
The positive and valid solution is s = 3.3×10⁻¹⁰ M ← answer
<u>3. Why is AgCl(s) less soluble in seawater than in distilled water.</u>
AgCl(s) is less soluble in seawater than in distilled water because there are some Cl⁻ ions is seawater which shift the equilibrium to the left.
This is known as the common ion effect.
By LeChatelier's principle, you know that an increase in the concentrations of one of the substances that participate in the equilibrium displaces the reaction to the direction that minimizes this efect.
In the case of solubility reactions, this is known as the common ion effect: when the solution contains one of the ions that is formed by the solid reactant, the reaction will proceed in less proportion, i.e. less reactant can be dissolved.
Answer:
a)
b) is the limiting reagent
c) Moles of produced = 2.45 mol
b) Moles of left = 1.75 -1.22 = 0.53
Explanation:
a) Balanced reaction:
b)
No. of mole of
No. of mole of
As, it is clear from the reaction that,
1 mol of requires 3 moles of
1.75 mol of require = 1.75 × 3 = 5.25 mol of
As, only 3.68 mol of is present, so
is the limiting reagent.
c)
3 moles of form 2 moles of
3.68 moles of will form =
d)
is present in excess.
3 moles of requires 1 mol of
3.68 moles of will require =
left = 1.75 -1.22 = 0.53 mol