Question

plz help will give medal!! explain the four principles on which the constitution is founded. How does the Constitution incorporate these principles into a plan for the government? How do you see these principles at work in government today?

Answer 1

Answer:

At the beginning of the United States as a new nation, there was a lot of people who were against the original Articles of Confederation, which had been drafted as a new Constitution, because they thought they did not meet the standards necessary to ensure the survival of the new country. As such, in a second attempt, in Philadelphia, in 1787, they finally came up with the document that would be acceptable to all, and thus would be ratified as the new Constitution of the United States. This Constitution was built around 4 major pillars, all with the idea of ensuring that the country would not return to what it had been with the British. These pillars were: 1. Limited government, 2. Separation of Powers, 3. Checks and Balances and 4. Federalism. This meant that although there would be a national government, there would also be states, with power, that would balance out that of the national government, also, that there would be institutions in the national, and state governments, that would ensure no organization would have greater power over another, and thus, balance each other out.

The way that the Constitution incorporated these principles are seen in the Articles of Confederation, that would create a national government with limited powers, balanced by state governments connected, but also independent, three branches of national government: executive, legislative and judiciary, that would ensure no conglomeration of power in one set of hands, establishing a electoral college system that would give power to the people, without surpassing the limits of popular power over individual rights, among other things.

These princles are still at work today, although one of them, the limitation of  government, has sometimes been surpassed in history by the needs of the nation. So today, you see a stronger, more involved national government, still under the control of checks and balances, still balanced out by state governments, yet much stronger than the one that was born at the very start of American history.

Answer 2

Unicameral Legislature

Law making body made up of a single house

Bicameral Legislature

lawmaking body made up of two houses.

Articles of confederation

original federal constitution drafted by the continental congress in 1777

federal

national

Northwest territory

vast territory north of the Ohio river and west of Pennsylvania as far as the Mississippi River

Land Ordinance of 1785

law which designed a system for managing and settling lands the the Northwest Territory

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

law which provided a basis for governing the northwest territory

Shays' Rebellion

farmers' rebellion led by Daniel shays against higher taxes in Massachusetts

John Dickinson

-From Pennsylvania
-led the congress in designing a loose confederation of 13 states

Virginia Plan

James Madison's proposal for a bicameral legislature with representation based upon population

New Jersey Plan

William Paterson's proposal for a unicameral legislature with each state having one vote

Great Compromise

compromise between the Virginia and New Jersey plans for a bicameral legislature; each state would have equal representation in the Senate and varied representation in the House of Representatives based on the state's population

federalism

political system in which power is shared between the national government and state governments

Three fifths Compromise

compromise in which each enslaved person would be counted as three fifths of a person for the purposes of legislative representation

Alexander hamiliton

-very conservative in principles
-disliked Democracy so he praised the British Constitution
-thought that a balanced government should have elements of aristocracy and monarchy as well as of republicanism

James Madison

-Father of the Constitution
-took detailed notes at the Constitutional Convention
-only a strong nation can rescue the states from their own democratic excesses
-favored republicanism rather than a constitution modeled after the British system
-insisted that a large republic with diverse interests would preserve the common good.

ratification

official approval

Federalist

one who favored ratification of the Constitution

Antifederalist

one who opposed ratification of the Constitution

The Federalist

series of 85 essays written by Madison, Hamilton, and Jay that explained and defended the Constitution

Bill of Rights

first ten amendments to the Constitution; written list of freedoms guaranteed to citizens by the government

popular sovereignty

principle in which the people are the only source of government power

Limited government

principle stating that the government has only as much authority as the people give it and, therefore, its power is limited

separation of powers

principle that divides power among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government

checks and balances

system in which each branch of the government has the power to monitor and limit the actions of the other two

electoral college

group of persons chosen from each state to indirectly elect the President and Vice President

John Jay

-one of the authors of the Federalists Papers
-became the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court after the Constitution went into effect

-democratic
-loose confederation
-power was limited
-Congress implemented and enforced laws
-Executive power was shared by committees
-Each state had one vote in Congress
-Minor issues were passed by a simple majority. Major issues, like declaring war, required 9 states
-Amendments to the Articles required the agreement of all 13 states

What type of government was the Articles of Confederation

The New Jersey Plan

Which Plan most resembled the Articles of Confederation?

-A slave counted as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in Congress and electoral votes for presidential elections
-Importation of slaves could not be forbidden for twenty years.
-Northern states could not pass laws to help runaway slaves

How did the three/fifths compromise help the south?

The fact that Congress had a limited role. They could not tax or regulate commerce between states or states and foreign nations. There was no federal court system.

What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

the people

from where does government derive it's power?

-popular sovereignty
-Limited government
-Separation of Powers
- Federalism
-Checks and Balances
