Answer:
C. A country can specialize in producing that for which it has a comparative advantage and then trade for other needed goods and services.
Explanation:
<em>Comparative advantage</em> is simply evaluating the opportunity cost of other benefits or costs, if the country is opting to choose for a specific category of goods for production purposes.
For example, let's say US can produce 20 Television (TV) sets and 50 Air Conditioners in a month. Here, the opportunity cost of producing 1 TV set is 50/20 i.e. 2.5 Air Conditioners. Similarly, the opportunity cost of producing 1 Air Conditioner (AC) is 20/50 i.e. 0.4 TV set. Hence, US should produce Air Conditioners over TV sets as per <em>Comparative Advantage</em> concept.
Take another example, let's say UK can produce 50 Television (TV) sets and 20 Air Conditioners in a month. Hence, the opportunity cost of producing 1 TV set is 20/50 i.e. 0.4 Air Conditioner. On the other hand, the opportunity cost of producing 1 AC is 50/20 i.e. 2.5 TV sets. Thus, UK should produce TV sets over AC's as per <em>Comparative Advantage </em>model.
Hence, US should export AC's to UK and import TV sets from UK to gain from specialization and trade.
<em> In this way nations can gain from specialization and trade by making use of Comparative Advantage theory</em>.
It is to be noted that <em>Absolute Advantage model </em>of Adam Smith is also good as it highlights production of that good by a country, which it can produce in large quantities with fewer resources and minimal time than any other nation in the world. But the <em>Comparative Advantage Model </em>developed by David Ricardo considers opportunity cost and is much more refined than Absolute Advantage Model.
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Answer: c. increase consumer surplus in the market for tomato sauce and increase producer surplus in the market for spaghetti noodles.
Explanation:
A complementary good is the one which can be used only with another good. For example a CD can only run in a CD player or any other suitable device so the sales of CD is dependent upon the availability of device used to pay it. Other examples are tennis ball and tennis racket, mobile phone and sim cards, and others.
According to the given situation the decrease in price of tomato will be an advantage to the consumers as they will be able to purchase them with an affordable price and can produce tomato sauce this will promote the production of spaghetti noodles as tomato sauce is consumed along with spaghetti noodles this way the tomato sauce and spaghetti noodles are complementary goods for each other. The sales and production of one good will affect the sales and production of another.
Typical demographics data include gender, income and geographic region.
B. Ordinal is the Equal Employment Opportunity Act which requires employers to classify their employees by gender and national origin
