A model organisms is a species that has been widely studied, usually because it is easy to maintain and breed in a laboratory setting and has particular experimental advantages. model organisms are non-human species that are used in the laboratory to help scientists understand biological processes.
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First part is explaining second part is explaining the uses)
Top-down effects imply control through predation, including fishery, while
bottom-up effects imply control through food abundance, often thought to be driven by climate or nutrient load.
<h3>What is Top down regulation ?</h3>
The top-down effect refers to a higher trophic level influences the community structure of a lower trophic level through predation.
<h3>What is Bottom up regulation ?</h3>
The bottom-up effect means that a lower trophic level in the biological network affects the community structure of higher trophic levels by means of resource restriction
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Calcium oxide:
II II
Ca O ---> CaO
water ---> H₂O
CaO + H₂O -----> Ca(OH)₂
Answer: Taxonomy is the process of classifying organisms based on similarities.
Explanation:
Answer: D. Gymnosperms
Explanation: The Gymnosperms ( also known as Acrogymnospermae) are a group of seed-producing plants in which the ovules or seeds are not enclosed in an ovary. Examples of Gymnosperms are spruces, firs, and ginkgoes and pines.
