Question

The cell theory states that all cells come from preexisting cells. If this is the case, why are the cells in a multicellular organism so different from one another?.

Answer 1

Given what we know, we can confirm that the cell theory states that all cells come from preexisting cells despite the cells in a multicellular organism being so different from one another due to cellular differentiation.

What do we know about cellular differentiation?

• Cellular differentiation involves the selective expression of DNA.
• When only specific parts of the DNA sequence are expressed, and thus only specific proteins are formed, a cell can differentiate.
• This allows the cells to specialize themselves despite all of them containing the same DNA.
• Over time, this has allowed all cells, despite sharing a common origin, to become vastly different.

Therefore, given that cellular differentiation controls what genes of a cell are expressed in order to allow the cell to specialize itself into a specific cell type, this explains why even though all cells share a common origin, they can all be very distinct.

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