Answer:
Ecological and ethological approaches to the study of behaviour. The natural history approach of Darwin and his predecessors gradually evolved into the twin sciences of animal ecology, the study of the interactions between an animal and its environment, and ethology, the biological study of animal behaviour.
Evolution is the change in heritable traits of biological populations over successive generations.
What is evolution of life?
- Evolution has produced the variety of life that exists on Earth today. Since life first emerged on Earth between 3.5 and 4 billion years ago, it has continued to develop.
- At initially, there were just single-celled, primitive species on Earth.
- The first multicellular organisms appeared much later, and as a result, the diversity of life on Earth significantly increased.
- Darwin put out a substantial amount of evidence to back up his idea of evolution by natural selection.
- Evolution is the gradual alteration of a living thing's traits over time. Natural selection is the process of evolution.
- Through their DNA, organisms transmit their traits from one generation to the next.
Learn more about the Evolution with the help of the given link:
brainly.com/question/2725702
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Answer:
1) pathway taken by water
water is absorbed from the soil, through the root hair cells and is transported by the xylem vessel up the stem to the leaf and/or flowers. From the leaf, some water is lost to the atmosphere as vapors escape out through the stoma present in the lower epidermal layer of the leaves.
2) water potential gradient
water potential refers to the concentration of water present. A gradient forms when there is a difference between the concentrations of water in two regions separated by a partially permeable membrane.
Hence, water moving down a water potential gradient means that it goes from a region of high water potential to a region of low water potential.
3) There are tiny openings on the lower side of the leaves called as stomata (plural: stoma) that allow for gaseous exchange to occur. These openings are controlled by guard cells which are open during the day and close during the night.
Hope that answers the question, have a great day!
To my knowledge, the answer is B
