Some isotopes, however, decay slowly, and several of these are used as geologic clocks. Dating rocks by these radioactive timekeepers is simple in theory, but the laboratory procedures are complex. <span>All methods rely on the fact that certain elements (particularly uranium and potassium) contain a number of different isotopes whose half-life is exactly known and therefore the relative concentrations of these isotopes within a rock or mineral can measure the age.</span>
Which is true about enzymes is: enzymes increase the rate of reactions by lowering the activation energy barrier.
Enzymes are chemical compounds in the form of proteins that act as biocatalysts which function to speed up reactions.
Enzymes work specifically, that is, they can only work on certain substrates by adjusting the shape of the substrate. Enzymes sensor with molecules for substrates to produce compounds through organic chemical reactions that require energy. Some of the reactions assisted by enzymes such as the breaking of large molecules into small ones or the binding of molecules into new molecules. Enzymes can do that because of the influence of the activation energy that every chemical reaction has.
Activation energy is the energy required to break down the reactants. The role of enzymes is to lower the activation energy limit needed to start reactions.
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When the circular muscles contract, the earthworm stretches, becoming longer and thinner. The earthworm uses its setae to anchor the front of its body in the soil. Now the longitudinal muscles contract and the earthworm becomes shorter and wider or it bends from one side to the other, pulling the body forward.
Some mutations in living species help them to adapt and help protect them from predtors
