Answer: The process by which a particular substance or different substances are transformed to another is called as Chemical Reaction.One reason, in the case of reversible reactions could be that the reaction reached equilibrium before the reaction was complete.Chemical reactions occur when chemical bonds between atoms are formed or broken. The substances that go into a chemical reaction are called the reactants, and the substances produced at the end of the reaction are known as the products.The concentration of reactants decreases as the reaction proceeds and at last their concentration comes to an end. Hence, the reaction stops too. If two reactants are being reacted, then the reactant which is in limited amount will consume first and will result in the termination of reaction.The usual reason is that one (or more) of the reactants gets used up.
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Benzaldehyde or C6H5CHO would not undergo the aldol condensation because it does not contain an alpha-hydrogen in its structure. Aldol condensation is a type of reaction that happens between an enolate and an aldehyde or ketone leading to a alkene that has a planar structure. The lack of an alpha-hydrogen would not allow for it to undergo such process since it cannot enolize. Benzaldehyde undergoes a nucleophilic reaction known as Claisen-Schmidt condensation. It has somehow same mechanism of the aldol reaction however, the nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl happens even without the alpha-hydrogen but with an enolate that is from a ketone.
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Enthalpy is the amount of heat released or absorb. The total enthalpy can be found by subtracting the products' enthalpy by the reactants' enthalpy
