The carbon cycle is affected by a variety of factors, and happens through different processes. The processes can be divided into two, which are biological processes and geological processes. The biological aspect covers the use and production of carbon by living organisms. The geological aspect covers physical processes such as volcanic eruptions, and weathering of rocks, which may result to release of carbon back to the atmosphere. However, both of these aspects can be affected by recurring events in Earth's history. One is the switching between glacial and interglacial periods, and the other one is the seasonal changes. Glacial periods can lead to lower temperatures and lower carbon levels in the atmosphere. In contrast to this, warmer interglacial periods result to higher carbon levels primarily due to an abundance of life. Seasonal changes have a similar effect that can be observed at a shorter time. Human activities such as burning of fossil fuels and deforestation may also bring changes to the carbon cycle.
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Answer:
C. At least five mass-extinction events have occurred during the last 500 million years.
Explanation:
- The history of mass extinct is related to the five mass extinctions that are caused over by the 350 million years n which many species have disappeared in there short geologic time.
- A massive extinction is caused in the Permian Triassic extinction event i.e about 250 mn years ago which on an estimate has killed 90% of the species.
- The Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event that occurred over 66 million years ago is known to have wiped out the dinosaurs and many other species.
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