Answer:
Explanation:
The torque equation is given by:

Where:
- I is the current
- A is the area of the loop (A=πR²)
- θ is the angle between the normal vector of A and B, in this case it is 90 degrees
So:
Therefore the torque is:
I hope it helps you!
Answer:
except ii and iii
Explanation:
The angle of reflection is the angle to the normal the white rays strikes the water surface and it is the incidence angle. Since the white light is moving from less dense medium to a denser medium or a medium with a higher refractive index; the angle of refraction will be less than 30 degrees. Total internal reflection cannot occur because the white light is traveling from a less dense medium to a denser medium.