It is a transformation which changes the location of the figure but the shape and size of the figures remains the same i.e. the shape and size of the figure is retained after the transformation.
It either moves the figure up or down by some units.
i.e. f(x) → f(x)+k
then the graph of the function f(x) is shifted k units up is k>0
and k units down if k<0
Similarly it may shift the figure k units to the left or to the right.
i.e. if f(x) → f(x+k)
if k<0 then the function f(x) is shifted k units to the right.
and if k>0 then the function is shifted k units to the left.
