Lucy studies one less (-1) than twice the number of hours a week that rose studies (2 * R), lucy studies 11 hours a week. What we do is add 1 hour to lucy's 11, to get 12, then divide by 2 as lucy studies twice the hours. 12 / 2 = 6.
Stocks have historically delivered higher returns than bonds because there is a greater risk that, if the company fails, all of the stockholders' investment will be lost.
