Answer:
Chemically altered nucleosides derived from canonical ribo-or deoxyribonucleoside-derivatives of adenosine, cytosine, guanosine, and uridine or thymidine are found in all types of nucleic acids, DNA and RNA. They are particularly abundant in noncoding RNAs, such as transfer RNAs and ribosomal RNA of higher organisms. By increasing the structural diversity of nucleic acids, modified nucleosides play important roles in gene expression and in regulating many aspects of RNA functions. They also contribute to nucleic acid stability and to protection of genetic materials against virus aggression. In this chapter we present a historical overview of the discovery, occurrence, and diversity of the many naturally occurring modified nucleosides that are present in both DNA and RNA of diverse organisms. We also briefly describe the different enzymes that accomplish these nucleic acid ‘decorations’. More information about the structure, function, biosynthesis and evolutionary aspects of selected modified nucleosides in DNA and RNA and their corresponding modification enzymes can be found elsewhere in this volume.
Explanation:
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The structure that collects sound and funnels it into the auditory canal is called the pinna.
The ear is an exposed and sensitive organ in the human body. It is concerned with collecting, transmitting, and producing sounds. It also helps to maintain balance in the body. It has three main parts: the external ear, the middle ear, and the internal ear. Pinna is a part of the external ear.
Pinna is also called auricle. It is composed of cartilage folds that are covered by skin. The only part of the audible which is not covered by cartilage is the lobule. The curvature formed by cartilage is known as a helix. Another part of the pinna includes the meatus which is responsible for directing sounds collected by the helix.
Pinna acts as a link that transfers sound signals from the air to the auditory canal inside the ear. The tympanic membrane carries the sounds in an S-shaped path towards the middle ear (auditory canal).
To know more about pinna, part of the ear, refer to the following link:
brainly.com/question/13008947
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