The process of fusing two or more DNA molecules to produce a hybrid is known as recombinant DNA. Restrictions endonucleases and ligases are two classes of enzymes that enable the technique.
When a restriction endonuclease detects a particular DNA sequence, it makes cuts inside or near that sequence. The recognition sequence of a restriction enzyme will haphazardly appear on every (1–4)n bases along a random DNA chain. The equation states how many fragments ends (measured in moles) are produced when a restriction enzyme cuts DNA.
Moles of DNA ends =2x(grams of DNA)/(number of bp)(660 g/mol / bp).
The equation describes how many ends are produced when circular DNA is digested by a restriction enzyme.
Mole ends=2x(moles DNA)x number of restriction sites.
The following equation can be used to determine how many ends are produced during the digestion of a linear molecule by a restriction endonuclease.
Mole ends=2x(molesDNA)number of restriction sites +[2x(moles of DNA)].
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A dichotomous key helps you identify unknown specimens based on their traits because there are only two options available per trait. Selecting one from the two options (usually contrasting characteristics) from each step leads to smaller and smaller groups until the option is reduced to single and unique trait of an organism.
Considering you need to identify an organism. So, on the top of they key is animal with options: (a) with red blood cells and (b) no red blood cells. The option you will select is no red blood cells and under option b, you’re given two choices again: (a) hard bodies and (b) soft bodies. You’ll select soft bodies, then two options again are given: (a) with shell and (b) without shell. The option you’ll select would be without shell, and so on.
One of the major problems of monoculture farming is the variety of species. If there are no varieties in the producer level in the food chain all other organisms within the ecosystem would be affected.
Four molecules of ATP are created from both lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation.
