Answer:
d. decrease the amount of time needed to administer the test
Explanation:
Based on the information provided within the question it can be said that all of the answers provided are reasons except to decrease the amount of time needed to administer the test. This is because many times the procedures that need to be followed end up adding extra time to the administration and scoring of the test that is being given. Instead these procedures are created to make the test reliable, comprehensive, and analytical.
Unifying, in that it creates in-group solidarity
Answer:
Law of Effect.
Explanation:
Edward L. Thorndike (1874-1949) was an American psychologist and researcher, and one of the pioneers of behavioral psychology. Thorndike's experiments with cats led him to discover a psychological pattern he called the Law of Effect. According to this law, if faced with similar or recurring situations, we tend to repeat the behaviors that resulted in satisfying or positive consequences, while we don't tend to repeat the behaviors that resulted in unpleasant or negative consequences. One application of this principle was a learning method based on rewards and punishments called operant conditioning, developed by another well-known American psychologist and author, B. F. Skinner, in the early 20th century.
In 1922, the U.S.-driven Washington Naval Conference resulted in the Nine-Power Treaty reaffirming the Open Door principles. In reaction to the Mukden Incident of 1931 in Manchuria and the Second Sino-Japanese War between China and Japan in 1937, the United States intensified its support of the Open Door Policy.
The awsner is Scholars revived an interest in classical ideas.
