Spermatogenesis is the process in witch spermatozoa are produced from male primordial germ cells by way of mitosis and meiosis.
Oogenesis is the process by which the female gametes, or ova, are created.
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The level of productivity in oceans can be explained by the fact that the volume of the global ocean is enormous.
The oceans cover about 70% of the earth. This makes the ocean to occupy the largest volume on earth.
In spite of this large volume, the productivity of the ocean is just about 55 billion tons.
This low productivity of the ocean is tied to its large volume and small amount of primary productivity.
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Land use is when an area is used for a specific purpose. There are five types of land use: residential, agricultural, recreation, transportation, and commercial.
How does a new hypothesis replace an older explanation of something in the natural world? To understand this let us look at one of the classical example of geocentric theory and heliocentric theory. The geocentric theory states the Earth is at the centre of the solar system and the Sun, Moon, and all the other planets revolve around it. This ancient theory failed to explain the phenomenon like the phases of Moon, solar eclipse and lunar eclipse. The modern heliocentric theory which states that the Sun is at the centre of solar system, and all the planets including the Earth revolve around it. This theory was able to explain all the phenomenons unlike the geocentric theory. Hence the heliocentric theory replaced the geocentric theory.
