The three situations can be described as
a) If we have two white powders and wish to distinguish between the two : the combinations can be sugar / salt or sugar / baking soda or salt / baking soda
all are kitchen items so we can either taste them
or in case of baking soda we can add it in water and it will produce brisk effervescence.
b) IF we have to distinguish in a given set of two transparent liquids which appear to be water (example water and vinegar)
we can identify them with the taste
we can identify them based on pH (vinegar will be acidic)
c) We have to find adulteration in a given sample of food
like adulteration in milk
for example presence of soap in milk
We can add indicator like phenolphthalein which will bring a pink colour in milk if soap is present
the Percentage yield for the reaction = 48.8%
What is Percentage yield ?
The % ratio of the theoretical yield to the actual yield is known as the percent yield. It is calculated as the theoretical yield multiplied by 100% divided by the experimental yield. The percent yield is 100% if the theoretical and actual yields are equal. Because the real yield is frequently lower than the theoretical value, percent yield is typically lower than 100%. This may be due to incomplete or conflicting reactions or sample loss during recovery. If the percent yield is more than 100%, more sample than expected was retrieved from the reaction.
4 P + 3 O2 = P4O6
moles P = 75.3 g / 30.9738 g/mol= 2.43
moles O2 required = 2.43 x 3 / 4=1.82
actual moles O2 = 38.7 g /32 g/mol=1.21 so O2 is the limiting reactant
theoretical moles P4O6 = 1.21 / 3=0.403
theoretical mass P4O6 = 0.403 mol x 219.895 g/mol=88.6 g
% yield = 43.3 x 100/ 88.6 = 48.8 %
the Percentage yield for the reaction = 48.8%
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The household substances that will turn blue litmus paper red are: A) bleach and D) Vinegar. This is because bleach contains acidic solutions; and vinegar contains a percentage of organic acids for example, acetic acid.
Explanation:
When atoms forms ion, they either lose or gain electrons.
In an atom, we have three subatomic particles;
- Protons are the positively charged particles
- Electrons are the negatively charged particles
- Neutrons carry no charges.
A neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons.
A positively charged atom has more protons than electrons which implies that they have lost electrons.
A negatively charge atom has more electrons than protons suggesting that they have gained more electrons.
If we are given Na, it will for Na⁺ when it loses the electron in its outermost shell. Hence the number of protons is now more and the atoms is positively charged.
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Answer:
Sample A - Mixture
Sample B - (can't decide)
Explanation:
We know a mixture as a sample that is made up of two or more substances. Based on the results from the experiment conducted on sample A, the sample is a mixture. Each colour that appeared on the paper represents one of the components of the mixture.
For Sample B, at a particular sharp temperature, the crystals begin to appear. That temperature at which the first crystal appears is actually the melting point of the solid. We were also told that only half of the clear liquid was crystallized meaning that other substances may still be contained in the remaining liquid. Crystallization is a separation technique that depends on differences in melting points of substances. We can't decide if the sample is pure because we have no further information about what happened to the remaining liquid. That would have told us if the liquid remaining was just the solvent used to dissolve B which could have also been evaporated to leave only the pure sample.
