Genetics is a branch of biology concerned with the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in living organisms.[1][2][3]
The discoverer of genetics is Gregor Mendel, a late 19th-century scientist and Augustinian friar. Mendel studied "trait inheritance", patterns in the way traits are handed down from parents to offspring. He observed that organisms (pea plants) inherit traits by way of discrete "units of inheritance". This term, still used today, is a somewhat ambiguous definition of what is referred to as a gene.
Trait inheritance and molecular inheritance mechanisms of genes are still primary principles of genetics in the 21st century, but modern genetics has expanded beyond inheritance to studying the function and behavior of genes. Gene structure and function, variation, and distribution are studied within the context of the cell, the organism (e.g. dominance), and within the context of a population. Genetics has given rise to a number of subfields, including epigenetics and population genetics. Organisms studied within the broad field span the domains of life (archaea, bacteria, and eukarya).
Genetic processes work in combination with an organism's environment and experiences to influence development and behavior, often referred to as nature versus nurture. The intracellular or extracellular environment of a cell or organism may switch gene transcription on or off. A classic example is two seeds of genetically identical corn, one placed in a temperate climate and one in an arid climate. While the average height of the two corn stalks may be genetically determined to be equal, the one in the arid climate only grows to half the height of the one in the temperate climate due to lack of water and nutrients in its environment.
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For the complementary strand of DNA, 36 Thymine bases and 24 Guanine bases would complete the proper base pairing.
This is given by the concept of complementarity. A base in DNA has complementarity with only one other base. This complementarity is produced by hydrogen bond interactions.
For DNA, Adenine couples with Thymine and Cytosine couples with Guanine. So the 36 adenine bases will couple with 35 thymine bases, and so on.
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Proteins function optimally at a specific temperature. So if you get too hot or too cold, biochemical reactions in your body start to function less well. If the situation becomes extreme enough, they can cease to function well enough to sustain life.
Warm-blooded animals have an advantage over cold-blooded ones in that their bodies automatically try to maintain the optimal termperature for things in their bodies to function. Cold-blooded animals depend on the environmental temperature to do this for them. That's why reptiles are very sluggish when they're cold, but will "wake up" when they get warm.
The cost to this benefit is that metabolically, warm-blooded animals require a lot more fuel to run their bodies. It's very energy-intensive to maintain a constant body temperature. Cold-blooded animals require far less fuel than warm-blooded ones relative to their size.
The way that proteins operate in a specific temperature is also true of the pH in your body which is also very tightly maintained.
Answer:
Given merely 40 butterflies were marked, assumed that there were multiple captures of both marked and unmarked butterflies, that the butterflies caught in traps were on the loose to be caught again. There are two mathematical solutions for this, both yielding the same answer which is 100.
• First, to each marked butterfly was taken twice (40 marked X2 = 80 captured) then of the unmarked butterflies the 120 captured must relate to 60 actual butterflies. In which 40 + 60 = 100.
• Secondly, by means of ratios in which 80/200 = 40/X. In this case X also = 100 that will result to the estimated size of the population of wilson park is 100.
Explanation:
