Answer:
Answer is given below.
Explanation:
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<em>Alkalinity = 400 mg/L in terms of CaCO3 </em>
<em>a.) Total Hardness is defined as the sum of calcium and magnesium iion concentration in terms of CaCO3
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<em>Total Hardness = [Ca+2]*{50/20) + [Mg+2]*{50/12) = [200]*{50/20) + [60]*{50/12) = 750 mg/L in terms of CaCO3
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<em>b.) Non-Carbonate hardness = Total Hardness - Carbonate Hardness
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<em>Now here as the Total Hardness is greater than alkalinity ,Thus
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<em>Carbonate Hardness = Alkanlinity = 400 mg/L in terms of CaCO3
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<em>Non-Carbonate hardness = 750 - 400 = 350 mg/L in terms of CaCO3
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<em>c.) As Total hardness is greater than Alkalinity thus Carbonate hardness is equal to the Alkalinity.
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<em>Carbonate hardness = 400 mg/L in terms of CaCO3
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<em>d.) Now as the Total hardness of the ground water is more than 180 mg/L,Thus it needs removal of hardness.
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<em>There are many treatment options for the removal of hardness:
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<em>i) Ion Exchange method
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<em>ii) Lime soda method</em>