Answer:
Independent sources of information
Explanation:
Magazines, consumer groups, and government agencies all represent independent sources of information.
Answer:
when valuing companies with temporarily high growth rates.
Explanation:
Discounted dividend models are methods to assess a company's share price based on the dividends that company will distribute in the future. Also known by its name in English dividend discount model (DDM).
These models are based on the theory that the price of a share must be equal to the price of the dividends that the company will deliver, discounted at its net present value.
If the price of the share in the market is lower than the result obtained by the discounted dividend model, the share is undervalued and therefore it is advisable to buy. If, on the contrary, the market price is higher than the model, it is understood that the share price is too high.
Multistage dividend growth models
It is very difficult for a company to experience the same growth every year as the Gordon model assumes, so multistage models assume different growths for each period.
The most common is to use two or three stage growths, where at first the growths are higher but then tend to stabilize at a smaller constant growth. As for example in early stage companies.
