We have that for the Question "A 2kg book is held against a vertical wall. The <em>coefficient </em>of friction is 0.45. What is the minimum force that must be applied on the <em>book</em>, perpendicular to the wall, to prevent the book from slipping down the wal" it can be said that the minimum force that must be applied on the <em>book is</em>
From the question we are told
A 2kg book is held against a vertical wall. The <em>coefficient </em>of friction is 0.45. What is the minimum force that must be applied on the <em>book</em>, perpendicular to the wall, to prevent the book from slipping down the wal
Generally the equation for the Force is mathematically given as

F=44N
Therefore
the minimum force that must be applied on the <em>book is</em>
F=44N
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Answer:
An apple hanging at a branch has potential energy due its position. It can be written as PE= mgh where m is the mass of the apple h is the distance between the apple and the ground and g is the acceleration due to gravity.
as the apple falls from the tree it loses its potential energy and gains kinetic energy due to the movement of the apple. Its kinetic energy will be given by KE= 1/2mv² where m is the mass of the apple and v is the speed with which the apple falls.
As the apple falls the height or the distance reduces and PE becomes reduces. But it gains Kinetic energy due to its speed.
But when the apple falls to the ground and comes to rest its kinetic energy is converted to potential energy.
thus the total energy remains the same. it changes from one form to the other but remains unaltered.
<em>An is formed when an atom loses or gains one or more electrons. Because the number of electrons in an ion is different from the number of protons, an ion does have an overall electric charge. Consider how a positive ion can form from an atom. The left side of the illustration below represents a sodium (Na) atom</em>