Subsequent INR readings are influenced by the dose, method, and initial INR of vitamin K. For intravenous vitamin K doses of 2 mg or more, INR decrease is comparable. FFP preadministration has no effect on INR readings 48 hours or more after vitamin K administration.
What is Abstract of Vitamin K dosing to reverse warfarin based on INR, route of administration, and home warfarin dose in the acute/critical care setting?
- Commonly, vitamin K is used to reverse the anticoagulant effects of warfarin. The ideal vitamin K dosage and delivery method that does not lengthen bridging therapy are still unclear.
- To ascertain the elements affecting the level and pace of vitamin K-induced INR reversal in the acute/critical care setting.
- 400 patients' charts from between February 2008 and November 2010 who got vitamin K to counteract the effects of warfarin were examined. International normalized ratios (INRs), intravenous or oral vitamin K doses, and whether or not fresh frozen plasma (FFP) was administered were among the information gathered. INRs were measured 12, 24, and 48 hours before vitamin K treatment.
- At baseline, 12 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours, respectively, intravenous vitamin K decreased INR more quickly than oral vitamin K (5.09, 1.91, 1.54, and 1.41 vs. 5.67, 2.90, 2.14, and 1.58). Subsequent INR values were impacted by baseline INR (p 0.001), method of administration (p 0.001), and vitamin K dosage (p 0.001). For intravenous vitamin K doses of 2 mg or more, there was a similar drop in INR. Home warfarin dose had no effect on INR responses to intravenous or oral vitamin K (p = 0.98 and 0.27, respectively). FFP had no effect on INR readings 48 hours later. Although larger vitamin K doses and longer anticoagulation bridge therapy appeared to be related, neither the incidence (p = 0.63) nor the duration (p = 0.61) were statistically significant.
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<h2><u><em>Answer:</em></u></h2><h2><u><em>The best answer out of these would be choice When you're dealing with a scared dog, the one thing you shouldn't do is pat them on the top of their heads because they cannot see what you are doing and they become even more frightened and might even bite.
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</em></u></h2><h2><u><em></em></u></h2><h2><u><em>Explanation:</em></u></h2><h2><u><em>I know this is wrong </em></u></h2>
Cholecystitis is caused by inflammatory reactions.Hard particles that develop in gallbladder or gallstones. It block the tube which is called cystic duct through which bile flows when it leaves the gallbladder.
It is the inflammation of gallbladder , small digestive organ beneath the liver. If left untreated then it can lead to serious , in some cases its life threatening complications.Patients with cholelithiasis may develop cholecystitis , which can be chronic or acute.
Mostly, gallstones is blocking the tube leading out of your gallbladder causes cholecystitis.This condition need surgery to remove the gallbladder. In this surgery gallbladder remove surgery which is called cholecystectomy. Some case it can possible for cholecystitis to resolve on its own.
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Tolerance
(When a drug is used constantly and the effect is lesser it means the tolerance of that person went up to the drug and a bigger dose is needed to feel the high of the drug)
Answer:
Menorrhagia
Explanation:
Using the process of elimination, because her bloodwork test results seem to be adequate, Anemia can be ruled out, as well as obesity. Although pelvic pain can be severe, it can be treated without hospitalization. A Fibroid uterus is an abnormality but does not always require treatment, but because of Menorrhagia, a Hysterectomy will be necessary in order to stop excessive bleeding and severe discomfort.
