Identify the molecules or ions below as Lewis acids, Lewis bases, or neither. If there is more than one possible site in the mol
1 answer:
Answer: Neither
Explanation:
According to the Lewis concept, an acid is defined as a substance that accepts electron pairs and base is defined as a substance which donates electron pairs.
is a hydrocarbon containing carbon and hydrogen, which have almost same electronegativity values. Thus is a non polar molecule.
It does not donate electrons as it does not contain any lone pair of electrons. It can not accept electrons as it's octet is already complete. Thus is neither a lewis acid nor a lewis base.
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Answer:
a.
b. 146.0 g
Explanation:
Question 1 (a). Just as the problem states, liquid nitroglycerin decomposes into nitrogen gas , oxygen gas
, water vapor
and carbon dioxide
. Let's write the decomposition of nitroglycerin into these 4 components:
Now we need to balance the equation. Firstly, notice we have 3 carbon atoms on the left and 1 on the right, so let's multiply carbon dioxide by 3:
Now, we have 3 nitrogen atoms on the left and 2 on the right, so let's multiply nitrogen on the right by :
We have 5 hydrogen atoms on the left, 2 on the right, so let's multiply the right-hand side by :
Finally, count the oxygen atoms. We have a total of 9 on the left. On the right we have (excluding oxygen molecule):
This leaves of oxygen. Since oxygen is diatomic, we need to take one fourth of it to get one half in total:
To make it look neater without fractional coefficients, multiply both sides by 4:
Question 2 (b). Now we can make use of the balanced chemical equation and apply it for the context of this separate problem. We're given the following variables:
Firstly, we may find moles of carbon dioxide produced using the ideal gas law .
Rearranging for moles, that is, dividing both sides by RT (here R is the ideal gas law constant):
According to the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation:
4 moles of nitroglycerin (ng) produce 12 moles of carbon dioxide. From here we can find moles o nitroglycerin knowing that:
Multiplying the number of moles of nitroglycerin by its molar mass will yield the mass of nitroglycerin decomposed:
A free-radical substitution reaction is likely to be responsible for the observations. The reaction mechanism of a reaction like this can be grouped into three phases:
- Initiation; the "light" on the mixture deliver sufficient amount of energy such that the halogen molecules undergo homologous fission. It typically takes ultraviolet radiation to initiate fissions of the bonds.
- Propagation; free radicals react with molecules to produce new free radicals and molecules.
- Termination; two free radicals combine and form covalent bonds to produce stable molecules. Note that it is possible for two carbon-containing free-radicals to combine, leading to the production of trace amounts of long carbon chains in the product.
Initiation
where the big black dot indicates unpaired electrons attached to the atom.
Propagation
Termination