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MariettaO [177]
3 years ago
6

When light is shown on a mixture of chlorine and chloromethane, carbon tetrachloride is one of the components of the final react

ion mixture. Propose a series of mechanistic steps which explain this observation?
Chemistry
1 answer:
velikii [3]3 years ago
8 0

A free-radical substitution reaction is likely to be responsible for the observations. The reaction mechanism of a reaction like this can be grouped into three phases:

  • Initiation; the "light" on the mixture deliver sufficient amount of energy such that the halogen molecules undergo homologous fission. It typically takes ultraviolet radiation to initiate fissions of the bonds.  
  • Propagation; free radicals react with molecules to produce new free radicals and molecules.
  • Termination; two free radicals combine and form covalent bonds to produce stable molecules. Note that it is possible for two carbon-containing free-radicals to combine, leading to the production of trace amounts of long carbon chains in the product.

Initiation

\text{Cl}-\text{Cl} \stackrel{\text{UV}}{\to} \text{Cl}\bullet + \bullet\text{Cl}

where the big black dot indicates unpaired electrons attached to the atom.

Propagation

\text{CH}_3\text{Cl}+ \text{Cl}\bullet \to \bullet\text{CH}_2\text{Cl} + \text{HCl}

\bullet\text{CH}_2\text{Cl} + \text{Cl}_2 \to \text{CH}_2\text{Cl}_2 + \text{Cl}\bullet

\text{CH}_2\text{Cl}_2 + \text{Cl}\bullet \to \bullet\text{CHCl}_2 + \text{HCl}

\bullet\text{CHCl}_2+ \text{Cl}_2 \to \text{CHCl}_3 + \bullet \text{Cl}

\text{CHCl}_3 + \text{Cl}\bullet \to \bullet\text{CCl}_3 + \text{HCl}

\bullet\text{CCl}_3 + \text{Cl}_2 \to \text{CCl}_4 + \text{Cl}\bullet

Termination

\text{Cl}\bullet + \bullet\text{Cl} \to \text{Cl}-\text{Cl}

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Which of the following can explain the daily change in sea level observed along a coast?
salantis [7]
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Organelles_____are specialized structures that carry out particular jobs and functions?
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Cell or cellular

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7 0
3 years ago
F
Katarina [22]

The statement is true in this situation is C. The size of Ffric is the same as the size of Fapp:

From the diagram, since the body is in equilibrium, the sum of vertical forces equals zero. Also, the sum of horizontal forces equal zero.

So, ∑Fx = 0 and ∑Fy = 0

Since Fapp acts in the negative x - direction and Ffric acts in the positive x - direction,

∑Fx = -Fapp + Ffric = 0

-Fapp + Ffric = 0

Fapp = Ffric

Also, since Fgrav acts in the negative y - direction and Fnorm acts in the positive y - direction,

∑Fy = Fnorm + (-Fgrav) = 0

Fnorm - Fgrav = 0

Fnorm = Fgrav

So, we see that the size of Fapp <u>equals</u> size of Ffric and the size of Fnorm <u>equals</u> the size of Fgrav.

So, the correct option is C

The statement which is true in this situation is C. The size of Ffric is the same as the size of Fapp.

Learn more about equilibrium of forces here:

brainly.com/question/12980489

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3. A measurement of the freezing temperature of a solution allowsyou to calculate the concentration of the solution. What else d
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Osmotic pressure and boiling point elevation

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In the the osmotic pressure one can determine the molar mass of a solid by calculating the number  of  moles from the Morality formula which involves the volume of the solution.

In the boiling point elevation you can determine the number of moles of the solute in the solution by using the Molality formula.

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3 years ago
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