1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
AysviL [449]
3 years ago
12

Nitroglycerin is a dangerous powerful explosive that violently decomposes when it is shaken or dropped. The Swedish chemist Alfr

ed Nobel (1833-1896) founded the Nobel Prizes with a fortune he made by inventing dynamite, a mixture of nitroglycerin and inert ingredients that was safe to handle. (1) Write a balanced chemical equation, including physical state symbols, for the decomposition of liquid nitroglycerin ( C3H5NO33 ) into gaseous dinitrogen, gaseous dioxygen, gaseous water and gaseous carbon dioxide. (2) Suppose 41.0L of carbon dioxide gas are produced by this reaction, at a temperature of −14.0°C and pressure of exactly 1atm . Calculate the mass of nitroglycerin that must have reacted. Round your answer to 3 significant digits.
Chemistry
1 answer:
Ganezh [65]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

a. 4 C_3H_5N_3O_9 (l)\rightarrow 6N_2 (g) + O_2 (g) + 10 H_2O (g) + 12 CO_2 (g)

b. 146.0 g

Explanation:

Question 1 (a). Just as the problem states, liquid nitroglycerin decomposes into nitrogen gas N_2, oxygen gas O_2, water vapor H_2O and carbon dioxide CO_2. Let's write the decomposition of nitroglycerin into these 4 components:

C_3H_5N_3O_9 (l)\rightarrow N_2 (g) + O_2 (g) + H_2O (g) + CO_2 (g)

Now we need to balance the equation. Firstly, notice we have 3 carbon atoms on the left and 1 on the right, so let's multiply carbon dioxide by 3:

C_3H_5N_3O_9 (l)\rightarrow N_2 (g) + O_2 (g) + H_2O (g) + 3 CO_2 (g)

Now, we have 3 nitrogen atoms on the left and 2 on the right, so let's multiply nitrogen on the right by \frac{3}{2}:

C_3H_5N_3O_9 (l)\rightarrow \frac{3}{2}N_2 (g) + O_2 (g) + H_2O (g) + 3 CO_2 (g)

We have 5 hydrogen atoms on the left, 2 on the right, so let's multiply the right-hand side by \frac{5}{2}:

C_3H_5N_3O_9 (l)\rightarrow \frac{3}{2}N_2 (g) + O_2 (g) + \frac{5}{2} H_2O (g) + 3 CO_2 (g)

Finally, count the oxygen atoms. We have a total of 9 on the left. On the right we have (excluding oxygen molecule):

\frac{5}{2} + 6 = 8.5

This leaves 9 - 8.5 = 0.5 = \frac{1}{2} of oxygen. Since oxygen is diatomic, we need to take one fourth of it to get one half in total:

C_3H_5N_3O_9 (l)\rightarrow \frac{3}{2}N_2 (g) + \frac{1}{4} O_2 (g) + \frac{5}{2} H_2O (g) + 3 CO_2 (g)

To make it look neater without fractional coefficients, multiply both sides by 4:

4 C_3H_5N_3O_9 (l)\rightarrow 6N_2 (g) + O_2 (g) + 10 H_2O (g) + 12 CO_2 (g)

Question 2 (b). Now we can make use of the balanced chemical equation and apply it for the context of this separate problem. We're given the following variables:

V_{CO_2} = 41.0 L

T = -14.0^oC + 273.15 K = 259.15 K

p = 1 atm

Firstly, we may find moles of carbon dioxide produced using the ideal gas law pV = nRT.

Rearranging for moles, that is, dividing both sides by RT (here R is the ideal gas law constant):

n_{CO_2} = \frac{pV_{CO_2}}{RT} = \frac{1 atm\cdot 41.0 L}{0.08206 \frac{L atm}{mol K}\cdot 259.15 K} = 1.928 mol

According to the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation:

4 C_3H_5N_3O_9 (l)\rightarrow 6N_2 (g) + O_2 (g) + 10 H_2O (g) + 12 CO_2 (g)

4 moles of nitroglycerin (ng) produce 12 moles of carbon dioxide. From here we can find moles o nitroglycerin knowing that:

\frac{n_{ng}}{4} = \frac{n_{CO_2}}{12} \therefore n_{ng} = \frac{4}{12}n_{CO_2} = \frac{1}{3}\cdot 1.928 mol = 0.6427 mol

Multiplying the number of moles of nitroglycerin by its molar mass will yield the mass of nitroglycerin decomposed:

m_{ng} = n_{ng}\cdot M_{ng} = 0.6427 mol\cdot 227.09 g/mol = 146.0 g

You might be interested in
Why is the base of an energy pyramid wider than the top
Zepler [3.9K]

It is due to a lack of providable energy to the next trophic level of the energy pyramid. Primary consumers only obtain around 10% of energy that producers have, and the energy depletes as you move further and further up the food chain, until you reach the tertiary consumers which have the least amount of energy at their disposal, meaning there are less of them than other organisms further down the energy pyramid.


Hope this helped!

5 0
2 years ago
Which pair of molecules is not a polar bond?<br> OA. N-O<br> OO<br> B. C-O<br> C.O-H<br> OD. 0-0
hodyreva [135]
Od. 0-0 does not pair of the Molecules bid it’s polar bond due to certain pairs of molecules not being present within its presentations
4 0
3 years ago
a prescriber has ordered childrens motrin 400 mg po q6h for a child who weighs 60 kg. how many mg/kg is the child receiving
DedPeter [7]

Answer:

6.67 mg/kg     per dose   ( 26.67 mg/kg   per day)

Explanation:

400 mg / 60 kg = 6 2/3  mg/kg  per dose

   per <em>DAY</em>  is  four times this number

5 0
1 year ago
8. How much heat is released when 85.0 g of steam condense to liquid water?
sergeinik [125]

Answer:

199920J

Explanation:

Given parameters:

Mass of steam  = 85g

Unknown:

Heat released when the liquid is condensed  = ?

Solution:

The heat released by the substance is given as;

         H  = mL

H is the heat released

m is the mass

L is the latent heat of steam  = 2352J/g

Heat released  = 85 x 2352  = 199920J

3 0
3 years ago
Someone help me out with these chemistry (stoichiometry)
lana66690 [7]

Answer:Videos

For example, when oxygen and hydrogen react to produce water, one mole of oxygen ... These conversion factors state the ratio of reactants that react but do not tell ... In a typical chemical equation, an arrow separates the reactants on the left ... For example, to determine the number of mol

6 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • The table provides the number of valence electrons for each of the two atoms that form an ionic and a covalent compound. Which o
    6·1 answer
  • 1.72 mol of LiCl in 37.5 L of solution
    9·1 answer
  • What is the 1/2 half life of Cesium 137 in years?
    11·2 answers
  • What is the predicted outcome for very low mass stars (those that are smaller than about the mass of the sun)?
    8·1 answer
  • Given the information that nitrogen atoms are larger than hydrogen atoms,which of the models best represent ammonia?(NH3)
    10·1 answer
  • If it's a summer day and you want to take a picnic are you concerned with weather
    8·1 answer
  • What is true when a reaction has reached equilibrium?
    13·1 answer
  • Explain the properties of acids
    5·1 answer
  • A student developed a chromatogram and found that the cluent front traveled 94 mm and the Zn²+ cation traveled
    8·1 answer
  • Acids, bases, and salts belong to a large group of compounds called:__________
    8·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!