Given that,
Energy 
Surface temperature = 11000 K
Emissivity e =1
(a). We need to calculate the radius of the star
Using formula of energy



Put the value into the formula


(b). Given that,
Radiates energy 
Temperature T = 10000 K
We need to calculate the radius of the star
Using formula of radius

Put the value into the formula


Hence, (a). The radius of the star is 
(b). The radius of the star is 
Answer:
The ratio of the escape velocity to the orbital velocity is
.
Explanation:
The minimum velocity given to an object so that it escapes from the earth's gravitational pull is called escape velocity.
The formula of the escape velocity is

The velocity of an object in the orbit around the earth is called orbital velocity.
The formula of the orbital velocity is

The ratio of the escape velocity to the orbital velocity is
The gold will heat up almost twice as fast. The specific heat of a metal tells us just how much calories is needed to change the temperature of a metal by 1 degree celsius. Given this, the smaller the specific heat of a metal, the faster it will heat up.
In the given question all the required details are given. Using these information's a person can easily find the momentum of the object. In the question it is already given that the mass of the object is 5 kg and the velocity at which it is traveling is 1.2 m/s.
We know the equation of finding momentum as
Momentum = mass * velocity
= 5 * 1.2
= 6
So the momentum of the object is 6 Newton.