The branching point on a cladogram represents a common ancestor. A cladogram is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. However it is not an evolutionary tree since it does not show how ancestors are related to descendants, nor does it show how much they have changed.
Answer:
Mutualistic relationships is where both organisms cooperate and benefit from each other while predator prey relationships is just an organism hunting down another organism.
Explanation:
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Birds, insects, and many reptiles excrete nitrogenous waste in the form of uric acid, which saves water.
Nitrogenous waste in the body tend to form toxic ammonia, which must be excreted. Mammals such as human excrete urea, while birds, reptiles, and some terrestrial invertebrates produce uric acid as waste in the form of a white paste or power. The production of uric acid involves a complex metabolic pathway that is energetically costly in comparison to processing of other nitrogenous wastes such as urea or ammonia, it has the advantages of reducing water loss and, hence, reducing the need for water.
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Cell biology is a branch of biology that studies the structure, function and behavior of cells. All living organisms are made of cells. A cell is the basic unit of life that is responsible for the living and functioning of organisms. Cell biology is the study of structural and functional units of cells.
Answer:
A disease model is an animal or cells displaying of the pathological process that are observed in the actual human or animal disease.
