Answer:
Aa
Explanation:
from what I can remember from 7th grade science
In commensalism, one organism benefits from the relationship while the other species involved neither benefits nor is harmed. The benefits for one organism can be in a variety of forms, including food, shelter, transportation and seed dispersal.
1. fossils and chemical isotopes found in sediments and glacial ice
By studying the type of climate fossilized species preferred global temperature trends can be inferred. The changes in the concentration and type of isotopes are also an accurate measurement tool of these changes.
2. decrease in mortality because winter is warmer
The phenomenon known as global warming will bring more extreme weather. Thus, it is possible for some winters to be very cold and summers be very warm.
Even with warmer winters, the mortality will not decrease. Without a snow cover, pests such as mosquitoes and pathogens will thrive and live for longer periods of time. Thus, the spread of diseases will increase which will lead to potential increases in mortality.
3. all activities by humans affecting the Earth and its biosphere
Anthropogenic activities are all activities by humans affecting the Earth and its biosphere.
4. decline in sea ice
The main cause behind declining numbers of polar bears is the diminishing size of the sea ice. The bears use the ice as hunting ground where they stalk seals.
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum also processes these lipids, which store energy.
Nucleic Acids: Carry genetic information or form structures within cells. Carbohydrates: storage and transport of energy and structural components.
Proteins: Many proteins are enzymes that catalyze biochemical reactions, and are vital to metabolism.
