The skunk odor goes through diffusion. The smell spreads out equally through the air.
Answer:
- Crystallization (cooling or solidification)
- Erosion and sedimentation (lithification, burial and deposition)
- Metamorphism (Melting due to heat and pressure)
Explanation:
In rock cycle, there are three important processes that changes one type of rocks into another type. Those processes are:
- <u>Crystallization:</u> It is a process that takes place under the earth surface where magma cools down and is hardened to form igneous rocks. This process is also called freezing of rocks.
- <u>Erosion and sedimentation:</u> The rocks on the surface of earth are broken into smaller fragments called sediments that are formed by weathering of rocks. These sediments are then carried either by wind or water to different places and settles at some place to form another type of rock named sedimentary rocks.
- <u>Metamorphism:</u> Metamorphism takes place under the earth surface where extreme heat changes the mineral texture of the rock but does not melt it. such rocks are named as metamorphic rocks.
Answer:
Monocots have bundles of xylem and phloem mixed throughout their stem with vascular cambium between, an arrangement found on many herbaceous plants. Dicots, like trees and many woody stems, organize their parts in rings. A cork cambium, the growth layer, is found between the xylem and phloem in the ring
Explanation:
Answer:
A. Natural killer (NK) cells are activated in response to interferons or macrophage and Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and allows direct apoptosis of virus.
Viruses can invade NK cells by inhibiting MHC from reaching the cell surface. Using stimulating the inhibitory receptors and disrupting the activating receptors, viruses can avoid NK cells. MHC act as a ligand of inhibitory receptor, and when bind with inhibitory receptor allows damage to NK cells.
So, if i would be a virus i will use inhibitory receptors stimulation to avoid NK cells.
B. Bacteria are killed by phagocytic immune cell macrophages by engulfing them.
Bacteria avoid macrophages by escaping from phagosome before the lysosome fuses as lysosomal chemical kill the bacteria and some bacteria prevent acidification of the phagosome.
C. Parasites can avoid macrophages by modulating the host's cell cytoskeleton to block proper phagocytosis.
D. Bacteria can avoid dendritic cells by avoiding lysosomal degradation and prevent antigen presentation on MHC molecules that will modulate the entrance to DCs.
E. B cells are responsible for producing antibodies. Activation of B-cell depends on positive and negative signals transmitted through the B-cell receptor (BCR), so genetic polymorphisms and mutations affects the positive and negative signals. If mutation is done showing negative signal, B cell will not the activate and no antibodies will produce.
A cell with the full amount of chromosomes - in a human this is 23 pairs
