Google states, "A topographer is a specific type of cartographer. Topographers use contour lines to create 2-dimensional representations indicating the 3-dimensional aspects of portions of the earth's surface. Increasingly, these maps may be created digitally as well as on paper."
In simpler terms, a topographer surveys land and created representations of it.
Gibbons v. Ogden -- interstate commerce
Answer: It is related to Westward Expansion because the US was expanding westward by annexing Texas.
During the election of 1824, Andrew Jackson lost to John Quincy Adams. No one got the majority needed to be president, so the decision got sent to the House. Jackson had more votes (99) than Adams (84), but Adams ended up winning due to some "corrupt bargain" with Henry Clay, who influenced the House to vote Adams instead of Jackson.
Answer: a stronger Federal government
Explanation: