Answer:
The merit system, in which bureaucrats are hired and promoted based on their skills rather than their political connections, has enhanced the effectiveness of the bureaucracy.
Explanation:
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There are several reasons why group problem-solving and decision making is more likely to produce the correct answer than in an individual setting.
One reason is that groups who act in a cooperative manner tend to do better than individuals, who are in a more competitive atmosphere. Group interaction facilitates collaboration, fresh ideas, and improved solutions.
Another reason why groups tend to do better is that a group has a better collective memory than one person does.
Lastly, a group working together can draw upon each other's strengths and talents, making the group more well-rounded and resource rich.
Answer:
According to Edwin Lemert, <u>secondary</u> deviance occurs when social reaction intensifies with each act of primary deviance, and the offender becomes stigmatized, accepting the truth of the label.
Explanation:
Edwin Lemert in 1951 stated that secondary deviance is the process of a deviant identity, integrating it into conceptions of self, potentially affecting the individual long term.
