Answer: Its measured with the use of gel electrophoresis.
Explanation: Scientists use a method known as gel electrophoresis to measure the lengths of DNA fragments. Electrophoresis works because fragments carry a small charge.
Answer:
The effectiveness of chemical disinfectants has historically been compared to phenol.
Explanation:
The effectiveness of a disinfectant or antiseptic can be determined in a number of ways. Historically, a chemical agent’s effectiveness was often compared with that of phenol, the first chemical agent used by Joseph Lister. In 1903, British chemists Samuel Rideal (1863–1929) and J. T. Ainslie Walker (1868–1930) established a protocol to compare the effectiveness of a variety of chemicals with that of phenol, using as their test organisms Staphylococcus aureus (a gram-positive bacterium) and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (a gram-negative bacterium). They exposed the test bacteria to the antimicrobial chemical solutions diluted in water for 7.5 minutes. They then calculated a phenol coefficient for each chemical for each of the two bacteria tested. A phenol coefficient of 1.0 means that the chemical agent has about the same level of effectiveness as phenol. A chemical agent with a phenol coefficient of less than 1.0 is less effective than phenol. An example is formalin, with phenol coefficients of 0.3 (S. aureus) and 0.7 (S. enterica serovar Typhi). A chemical agent with a phenol coefficient greater than 1.0 is more effective than phenol, such as chloramine, with phenol coefficients of 133 and 100, respectively. Although the phenol coefficient was once a useful measure of effectiveness, it is no longer commonly used because the conditions and organisms used were arbitrarily chosen.
It is a perfect example of a natural selection.
(I'm not sure if this is the exact answer that you are looking for.)
The scenario will be Son: 25% colorblind daughter: 25% colorblind son: 25% of carrier daughters with normal vision: 25% normal son
<h3>What is color blindness?</h3>
The condition is frequently inherited. Certain eye diseases and medications are also possible causes. Men are more affected than women.
Color blindness is characterized by the inability to distinguish between red and green shades.
A colorblind man's genotype is XcY, and a heterozygous carrier female's genotype is XcX. A cross between XcY and XcX would result in progeny with the following ratio=
Son: 25% colorblind daughter: 25% colorblind son: 25% of carrier daughters with normal vision: 25% normal son.
Thus, the couple is likely to have a son who is half normal and half affected. Similarly, the couple is likely to have 50% normal daughters and 50% colorblind daughters.
For more details regarding color blindness, visit:
brainly.com/question/25621649
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