<span>The answer is Haploid spores germinate to give rise to protonema, which later develops into a sporophyte.</span>
A protonema (plural: protonemata) is a
thread-like chain of cells that forms the earliest stage (the haploid phase) of a bryophyte life
cycle..
<span>A haploid gametophyte ( each of whose cells contains a fixed number of
unpaired </span>chromosomes) gives rise to a <span>diploid sporophyte</span>,.
Gametophytes produce haploid sperm and eggs which fuse to form diploid zygotes
that grow into sporophytes.
There are two main theories for the lack of organic material in desert soils. Firstly, the organic life in most deserts is so sparse that it cannot produce much organic matter. Secondly when things do die and decompose in the desert the heat and sunlight often bleach nutrients out of the matter before it is decomposes enough to be absorbed into soil
The point at which the toxin would interrupt normal cell signalling in the pathway is the signal amplification.
This is because of the G-protein uncoupling and inhibition of signal amplification by pertusis toxin. Pertusis toxin released by the bacteria Bordetella pertusis and prevents signal that is amplifying from the protein. The G-protein coordinates the interaction between membrane bound receptor proteins and the effector proteins involved in the intracellular signalling. The toxin promotes the uncoupling of this heterotrimetric protein and also inhibits the amplification thus preventing the interaction of the receptor proteins and the second messengers.
Answer:
Question 7:
C
Question 8:
C
Explanation:
Question 7:
If the pH number is smaller, the solution is more acidic. In turn, this means that it contains more H+ ions that OH- ions
Question 8:
A buffer is a solution that can resist pH change upon the addition of an acidic or basic components. It is able to neutralize small amounts of added acid or base, thus maintaining the pH of the solution
The mutation in the somatic cells is known as somatic mutations. As they do not take place in the cells, which give rise to gametes, thus, the mutation is not inherited to the next generation by the sexual means.
On the other hand, the genetic mutations take place in the germline cells, that is, egg and sperm, because of this the mutations possesses the tendency to get passed on from one generation to another.
Thus, mutations are only passed on to offspring when they take place in germ cell DNA. The other kind of cells, the somatic cells refers to the rest of the cells in the body and mutations, which takes place in these cells do not get inherited further to the offspring.
Hence, the correct statements are mutations to gametes can be passed on to an organism's offspring and mutations to somatic cells are only present in the type of cell in which the mutation occurred.
