Answer:
One of the common genetic disorders is sickle cell anemia, in which 2 recessive alleles must meet to allow for destruction and alteration in the morphology of red blood cells. This usually leads to loss of proper binding of oxygen to hemoglobin and curved, sickle-shaped erythrocytes. The mutation causing this disease occurs in the 6th codon of the HBB gene encoding the hemoglobin subunit β (β-globin), a protein, serving as an integral part of the adult hemoglobin A (HbA), which is a heterotetramer of 2 α chains and 2 β chains that is responsible for binding to the oxygen in the blood. This mutation changes a charged glutamic acid to a hydrophobic valine residue and disrupts the tertiary structure and stability of the hemoglobin molecule. Since in the field of protein intrinsic disorder, charged and polar residues are typically considered as disorder promoting, in opposite to the order-promoting non-polar hydrophobic residues, in this study we attempted to answer a question if intrinsic disorder might have a role in the pathogenesis of sickle cell anemia. To this end, several disorder predictors were utilized to evaluate the presence of intrinsically disordered regions in all subunits of human hemoglobin: α, β, δ, ε, ζ, γ1, and γ2. Then, structural analysis was completed by using the SWISS-MODEL Repository to visualize the outputs of the disorder predictors. Finally, Uniprot STRING and D2P2 were used to determine biochemical interactome and protein partners for each hemoglobin subunit along with analyzing their posttranslational modifications. All these properties were used to determine any differences between the 6 different types of subunits of hemoglobin and to correlate the mutation leading to sickle cell anemia with intrinsic disorder propensity.
Explanation:
Answer:
3- Nervous and Digestive
Explanation:
1: The nervous system works to alert the young birds of danger as the nervous system consists of different types of neurons and receptors, which enable the bird to feel pain or dainger. For example, if a predator was nearby and attacked the bird, the nervous system would help trigger a fight-or-flight response in the bird to help it survive.
2: The nervous system helps to produce vomit - vomit comes from the stomach, which is part of the digestive system, and bile and various other substances from the stomach will be pushed back up the oesophagus as the bird vomits, allowing it to protect itself.
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It seems that you have missed the necessary options for us to answer this question, so I just had to look for it. Anyway, here is the answer. POLYUNSATURATED <span>fats, such as olive oil and sesame oil, are produced in plants and are liquid at room temperature. Hope this helps.</span>
<span>Australia is the least likely of the countries listed to have problems gaining access to potable water. They are a more developed country with more money and therefore more access to resources and basic necessities. Sadly, the other countries listed are not as developed.</span>
