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bonufazy [111]
3 years ago
11

Planetary nebulae are characterized by an emission spectrum consisting of Balmer (hydrogen) emission lines and a pair of strong

emission lines at 4959˚A and 5007˚A that were quite mysterious when first seen. Describe the process that is responsible for the production of these lines. Where does the energy that is radiated in these lines come from? Why were these lines so mysterious when first observed?
Physics
1 answer:
user100 [1]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Answer explained

Explanation:

In gas at extremely low densities, electrons can occupy excited meta-stable energy levels in atoms and ions that would otherwise be de-excited by collisions that would occur at higher densities.

Electronic transitions from these levels in doubly ionised oxygen leads to emission of lines in the visible spectrum primarily at 500.7 nm and secondarily at 495.9 nm.

When these lines were first observed, spectra of oxygen ions were not known. Hence, scientists hypothesized that the line may be due to an unknown element, which was named nebulium

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Describe the formation of the land, the atmosphere, and the oceans of earth
Firlakuza [10]
Land: Tectonic plate movement under the Earth can create landforms by pushing up mountains and hills. Erosion by water and wind can wear down land and create landforms like valleys and canyons. ... Landforms can exist under water in the form of mountain ranges and basins under the sea.

Atmosphere: (4.6 billion years ago)
As Earth cooled, an atmosphere formed mainly from gases spewed from volcanoes. It included hydrogen sulfide, methane, and ten to 200 times as much carbon dioxide as today's atmosphere. After about half a billion years, Earth's surface cooled and solidified enough for water to collect on it.

Ocean: After the Earth's surface had cooled to a temperature below the boiling point of water, rain began to fall—and continued to fall for centuries. As the water drained into the great hollows in the Earth's surface, the primeval ocean came into existence. The forces of gravity prevented the water from leaving the planet.
7 0
3 years ago
What is true of both gravity and magnetism?
stira [4]

Explanation:

I want to say option B - Both forces can act without objects touching.

5 0
3 years ago
Power Rating of a Resistor. The power rating of a resistor is the maximum power the resistor can safely dissipate without too gr
IgorLugansk [536]

(a) 273.9 V

The power rating of the resistor is given by

P=\frac{V^2}{R}

where

P is the power rating

V is the potential difference across the resistor

R is the resistance

If the maximum power rating is P=5.0 W, and the resistance of the resistor is R=15 k\Omega = 15000 \Omega, then we can find the maximum potential difference across the resistor by re-arranging the previous equation for V:

V=\sqrt{PR}=\sqrt{(5.0 W)(15000 \Omega)}=273.9 V

(b) 1.6 W

In this case, we have:

R=9.0 k\Omega = 9000 \Omega is the resistance of the resistor

V=120 V is the potential difference across the resistor

So we can find the power rating by using the same formula of part (a):

P=\frac{V^2}{R}=\frac{(120 V)^2}{9000 \Omega}=1.6 W

(c) Maximum voltage: 14.1 V; Rate of heat: 2.00 W and 3.00 W

Here we have two resistors of

R_1 = 100 \Omega\\R_2 = 150 \Omega

and each resistor has a power rating of

P = 2.00 W

So the greatest potential difference allowed in the first resistor is

V=\sqrt{PR_1}=\sqrt{(2.00 W)(100 \Omega)}=14.1 V

While the greatest potential difference allowed in the second resistor is

V=\sqrt{PR_2}=\sqrt{(2.00 W)(150 \Omega)}=17.3 V

So the greatest potential difference allowed not to overheat either of the resistor is 14.1 V.

In this condition, the power dissipated on the first resistor is 2.00 W, while the power dissipated on the second resistor is

P_2 = \frac{V^2}{R_2}=\frac{(14.1 V)^2}{150 \Omega}=1.33 W

And this corresponds to the rate of heat generated in the first resistor (2.00 W) and in the second resistor (1.33 W).

4 0
3 years ago
An ideal monatomic gas at 275 K expands adiabatically and reversibly to six times its volume. What is its final temperature (in
Gwar [14]

The final temperature is 83 K.

<u>Explanation</u>:

For an adiabatic process,

T {V}^{\gamma - 1} = \text{constant}

\cfrac{{T}_{2}}{{T}_{1}} = {\left( \cfrac{{V}_{1}}{{V}_{2}} \right)}^{\gamma - 1}

Given:-

{T}_{1} = 275 \; K  

{T}_{2} = T \left( \text{say} \right)

{V}_{1}  = V

{V}_{2} = 6V

\gamma = \cfrac{5}{3} \;    (the gas is monoatomic)

\therefore \cfrac{T}{275} = {\left( \cfrac{V}{6V} \right)}^{\frac{5}{3} - 1}

 

\Rightarrow \cfrac{T}{275} = {\left( \cfrac{1}{6} \right)}^{\frac{2}{3}}  

T  =  275 \times 0.30

T  =  83 K.

3 0
4 years ago
An electromagnetic wave with frequency 65.0Hz travels in an insulating magnetic material that has dielectric constant 3.64 and r
lakkis [162]

Answer:

  The wavelength of the wave is 1.06\times10^6 m  

Explanation:

Lets calculate

We know an electromagnetic wave is propagating through an insulating magnetic material of dielectric constant K and relative permeability K_m ,then the speed of the wave in this dielectric medium is \nu is less than the speed of the light c and is given by a relation

               \nu=\frac{c}{\sqrt{KK_m} }  --------- 1

In case the electromagnetic  wave propagating through the insulating magnetic material , the amplitudes of electric and  magnetic fields are related as -

             E_m_a_x= \nu B_m_a_x

The magnitude of the 'time averaged value' of the pointing vector is called the intensity of the wave and is given by a relation

                       I = S_a_v

                        \frac{E_m_a_xB_m_a_x}{2K_m\mu0}----------- 3

now , we will find the speed of the propagation of an electromagnetic wave by using equation 1

\nu=\frac{c}{\sqrt{KK_m} }

Putting the values ,

   =\nu= \frac{3.00\times10^8}{\sqrt{(3.64)(5.18)} }

 =0.6908\times10^8m/s

 = 6.91\times10^7m/s

Now , using this above solution , we will find the wavelength of the wave -

     \lambda=\frac{\nu}{f}

    Putting the values from above equations -

  \frac{6.91\times10^7m/s}{65.0Hz}

        \lambda= 1.06\times10^6 m

Hence , the answer is \lambda= 1.06\times10^6 m

8 0
3 years ago
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