the stomach is located inferior to the diaphragm and lateral to the liver on the left side of the abdominal cavity. The stomach forms part of the gastrointestinal tract between the esophagus and the duodenum
Answer:
<h2>Apoenzyme
</h2><h2>Cofactors</h2>
Explanation:
Conjugated enzymes also known as holoenzyme. Simple enzymes consist of only protein alone but the Conjugated enzymes contain protein ( this portion is called Apoenzyme) and nonprotein molecules (this portion is called cofactor). Cofactor help enzymes in their action.
Enzymes are catalyst which increase the rate of a reaction by decreasing the activation energy.
Answer:
Antibiotic resistance can evolved in bacterial population in the following ways:
Explanation:
- In response to constant exposure to antibiotics some members of a bacterial population develop some beneficial mutations in some essential genes that gives them survival advantage in terms of food and space over the sensitive bacterial strains and hence they are capable of out-competing the sensitive bacteria.
- This happens due to the process of Natural Selection.
- These genes are called antibiotic resistance genes and bacteria usually carry them on plasmids in form of cassettes where genes resistant to multiple drugs are incorporated. These plasmids are called the MDR or Multi-Drug Resistance Plasmids.
- These resistant plasmids can be easily transferred among bacterial populations by conjugation, transformation or transduction or direct plasmid transfer.
- The resistant genes encode for proteins that render the drug ineffective by promoting their efflux from the cells, preventing their entry into the cell, chemically modifying them such that they become non-functional or altering the target site of the drug.
Answer: Nervous system
Explanation:
The cerebellum of the brain is the structure of the nervous system known to control various muscles of the body that are involved in involuntary activities such as breathing.
Thus, the nervous system controls and regulates a person's breathing
