Only when heat is transferred from the system to its surroundings does a closed system suffer a decrease in entropy.
Only when heat is transferred from the system to its surroundings does a closed system suffer a decrease in entropy. Every internally reversible operation in a closed system generates entropy. Entropy remains constant in an adiabatic and internally reversible process of a closed system. Isolated systems' entropy cannot diminish.
When a system is not isolated but is in contact with its surroundings, the entropy of the open system may drop, requiring a balancing rise in the entropy of the surroundings. During a process, the entropy of an isolated system constantly increases, or in the case of a reversible process, remains constant (it never decreases).
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It is the transition metals because the first element ever synthed was technetium, but surely you've googled this by now. ;)
Answer:contains 2 atoms of Fe and 3 atoms of oxygen. Total of 5 atoms in a single molecule
The scientific form made its way to common usage through the similarities in meaning. A catalyst is a chemical that speeds up the chemical reaction. In the Chernobyl story, the Chernobyl incident is understood as a catalyst for glasnost because it speed up the process of passing and activating the glasnost laws that opened the government policies more to the world and the people.
The term carries almost the same meaning because both a chemical catalyst and an event catalyst speed up the process of either the chemical reaction or the change of something, be it a government policy or a simple event among people or anything similar. Sometimes however, too much usage leads to incorrect usage where the common understanding of catalysts is different form the scientific usage.
It is used differently insofar that in scientific usage, the catalysts don't get affected chemically by the chemical reaction and the reaction itself is not chemically altered. What happens is just that the speed at which occurs is faster. However, in real world usage, it is often used incorrectly as catalysts being responsible for the change. In addition, the catalyst in real world events often influences the events and vice versa, which doesn't happen in chemistry other than increasing the speed. To explain this using Chernobyl, Glasnost wouldn't have happened on its own without the Chernobyl crisis, which means that the crisis is more of a cause than a catalyst that speeds up events.-
Letter B is the most plausible answer :)