During the process of cell division, spontaneous changes within the genome can arise, called mutations. These are errors occur when copies of the DNA within the cell are made; mutations may range from small changes called single nucleotide polymorphisms, to large scale deletions, and additions which span multiple genes.
These mutations form variants which become stable within a population, leading to the formation of separate, genetically distinct populations called species. New species arise through several evolutionary mechanisms such as:
allopatric speciation- physical barriers to gene flow ; isolation of groups which evolve separately in their environments by accruing suitable traits, to become a new species
peripatric speciation- similar to allopatric speciation, but one group is much smaller, making the unique traits more notable, or distinct
parapatric speciation- subpopulations in a large geographic region evolve reproductive isolation by mating with those nearby, however they continue to undergo gene exchange along a common border region
and sympatric speciation- absence of physical barriers which hinder gene flow; reproductive isolation arise through many forms of the same genes called polymorphisms
The function of organelles is to provide a specific function for the cell.
Explanation:
Eukaryotes have organelles not prokaryotes. All the cellular processes of prokaryotes occur in one cell. The advantage of having seperate spaces to do various functions is for regulation and maintance.
The dew point is the temperature when water will start to condense out of the air. When air is saturated as much as possible with water vapor it is at the dew point. Air that is holding less vapor than it actually could is below the dew point