<span>Through specialization, both producers and consumers benefit. On the producer side, specialization allows producers to best use their resources in the most efficient manner possible by playing to their strengths, thus maximizing profit. On the consumer side, the fact that producers are specialized and thus efficient in their production ensures lower production costs than if products were made by less-specialized producers, translating into lower consumer-facing prices.</span>
If government spending occurs, there will be a(n)crowding out of private-sector investors, described as a(n) opportunity cost of that spending.
<h3>What is government spending?</h3>
This is the term that is used to refer to all forms of expenditures that the government of a place may embark on.
Spending is an expansionary policy that helps to stimulate the government of a place.
Read more on government spending here:
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Answer:
19%
Explanation:
Given that,
Nominal GDP in 2010 = $200 billion
Nominal GDP in 2009 = $180 billion
GDP deflator in 2010 = 125
GDP deflator in 2009 = 105
Percentage change in prices:
= Percentage change in GDP deflator
= (Change in GDP deflator ÷ GDP deflator in 2009) × 100
= [(125 - 105) ÷ 105] × 100
= (20 ÷ 105) × 100
= 0.19 × 100
= 19%
Therefore, the prices increases by 19%.
Answer:
1. Using CAPM, the required return is;
Required return = risk free rate + beta * market risk premium
= 6% + 1.5 * 9%
= 19.5%
2. First find the portfolio beta which is a weighted average of the individual betas;
= (60% * 2.4) + (40% * 0.9)
= 1.8
Now use CAPM
= risk free rate + beta * (Market return - risk free rate)
= 4% + 1.8 * (13% - 4%)
= 20.2%
3.Geometric average can be calculated by;
=( ((1 + r1) * (1 + r2) * (1 + r3)) ^1/n) - 1
= (((1 + 6%) * (1 + 10%) * (1 - 6%)) ^ 1/3) - 1
= (1.09604^1/3) - 1
= 3.1%
