Answer:
Scientists have found fossils of whales and other marine animals in ... When these animals died from 15 million to 20 million years ago, their ... In geological terms, the time the fossils took to rise from ocean floor to mountain top was ... In more recent sediments, the group found species related to modern .
Explanation:
Answer:
Cloning may be defined as the process by which the genetically identified individual of the organism can be created artifically or naturally. Aseual reproduction results in the formation of clone.
The microsatellite analysis is used to prove that snuppy is a clone. Microsatellites are the highly variable DNA sequences repeats that has variable loci and considered at population level. The two alleles are possible for the one microsatellite locus. After comparing the alleles it has been found that snuppy has exactly the same genetic material as the surrogate mother, afghan. This completely determines that snuppy is a clone of afgan.
Answer is YES your welcome
Explanation:
Core samples are most often taken with their long axis oriented roughly parallel to the axis of a borehole, or parallel to the gravity field for the gravity-driven tools. However it is also possible to take core samples from the wall of an existing borehole.
Answer:
For both actin and microtubule polymerization, nucleotide hydrolysis is important for decreasing the binding strength between subunits on filaments.
Explanation:
Cytoskeletal filaments are common to eucaryotic cells and are impotartant to the spatial organization of cells. Intermediate filaments provide mechanical strength and resistance to shear stress. Microtubules determine the positions of membrane-enclosed organelles and direct intracellular transport. Actin filaments determine the shape of the cell's surface and are necessary for whole-cell locomotion. A large number of accessory proteins are present that link the filaments to other cell components, as well as to each other. Accessory proteins are essential for the assembly of the cytoskeletal filaments in particular locations, and it includes the motor proteins that either move organelles along the filaments or move the filaments themselves.
Actin filaments and microtubules are assembled with expenditure of energy i.e the ATP/GTP tightly bound to actin/tubulin is irreversibly hydrolyzed to ADP/GTP during the assembly process, and liberation of Pi in the medium occurs subsequent to the incorporation of subunits in the polymer. Pi release acts as a switch, causing the destabilization of protein-protein interactions in the polymer, therefore regulating the dynamics of these fibres. The progress is made in four areas: the chemistry of the NTPase reaction; the structure of the intermediates in nucleotide hydrolysis and the nature of the conformational switch; the regulation of parameters involved in dynamic instability of microtubules; and the possible involvement of nucleotide hydrolysis in the macroscopic organization of these polymers in highly concentrated solutions, compared with the simple case of a equilibrium polymers.
The t<u>unica media</u> is composed of an endothelial layer that is continuous with the endocardium of the heart.
<h3>What is tunica media?</h3>
Collagen, elastin, and smooth muscle cells make up tunica media. It is located halfway between the tunica externa and the tunica intima. The transverse arrangement of its strands and color make the middle coat (tunica medium) distinct from the inner (tunica intima). It not only supports the vessel but also alters the vessel's width to control blood pressure and flow.
Elastic fibers make up the majority of the tunica media in bigger vessels. The number of elastic fibers reduces as arteries get smaller, whereas the number of smooth muscle fibers grows. The strongest of the three layers is the tunica adventitia, which is the top layer. Elastic and collagenous fibers make up its structure.
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