Answer and Explanation:
In protein synthesis, the first step is to synthesize messenger RNA, mRNA. The coping process of the DNA section for the desired protein is called transcription, and it happens in the nucleus. After that, it occurs translation, when the formed mRNA moves to the cytoplasm through the nucleus membrane pores.
Protein synthesis is initiated in the cytoplasm when mRNA meets a free ribosome, the primary structure for protein synthesis. Ribosomes are made of protein and ribosomal RNA and can be found in the rough endoplasmic reticulum or floating in the cytosol. Free ribosomes are not attached to any cytoplasmic structure or organelle. They synthesize proteins only for internal cell use. Other ribosomes are attached to the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum and they are in charge of synthesizing membrane proteins or exportation proteins. Free and attached ribosomes are identical and they can alternate their location. This means that although free ribosomes are floating in the cytosol, eventually, they can get attached to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.
Synthesis of proteins might start in the cytoplasm with the production of a molecule portion known as a signal sequence. During translation, mRNAs are read in the 5´ to 3´ direction, and tRNA transfer the correct amino acids to build the polypeptide chain. The protein is then synthesized from the amino terminus to the carboxy terminus. Each amino acid is specified by a codon formed by three bases in the mRNA. mARNs have a start and end codon that tells the ribosome where to start and stop adding amino acids. When the ribosome reaches the end codon, it means that protein synthesis is finished.
If the protein is a membrane or exportation protein, the synthesizing protein and its associated ribosome are lead from the cytosol to a specific region in the Rough endoplasmic reticulum where it continues the protein building, and then the protein is translocated to the lumen. Once there, the protein suffers a few modifications, one of them is folding to become functional. Finally, protein is transported by vesicles to the Golgi complex, and from there to its final destiny. In the Golgi complex, it also happens the protein folding and the initial stages of glycosylation.
Answer:Animals,Bacteria,plants,fungi
Explanation:
UV or ultraviolet . Thats why sunscreen says UV protection.
The sun gives off _solar___energy, which enters the atmosphere. Plants absorb some of the energy and perform photosynthesis to convert it into_chemical__energy in the form of sugars. Plants and the animals that eat them then turn that energy into a different form of _chemical___
energy, in the form of ATP. When plants and animals use the energy, it becomes _heat_ energy.
The energy producing process for life starts with the use of solar energy by plants in photosynthesis. Green plants takes up solar energy from the sun and uses it to manufacture sugar and oxygen gas in the presence of carbon dioxide and water. The sugar stores chemical energy.
When the food produced by plant is eaten, during cellular respiration, the ATP formed from break down of the food is used to liberate heat energy. The bond between the second phosphate element is broken down and heat energy is released from the stored chemical energy.
This gives off carbon dioxide and water as the by product.
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The statement 'a crocodile-like animal is the ancestor of birds' is BEST supported by the information in the table (option A).
- Evolution refers to the biological process of descendence with modification.
- Evolutionary close species share functional and structural phenotypic features due to a same-origin during evolution.
- A crocodile is a reptile, and it has been shown that birds evolved from theropod dinosaurs (reptile).
In conclusion, the statement 'a crocodile-like animal is the ancestor of birds' is BEST supported by the information in the table (option A).
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