1. a) predation is when one organism is harmed and the other is benefited. An example of this is when a predator eats/hunts its prey - like a lion eating a lamb
b) commensalism is when one organism benefits from the other and the second organism is not affected. An example of this are the barnicles on a whale
c) symbiosis is the long-term interaction between two different biological organisms
d) parasitism is when one organism is harmed while the other is benefited
The greatest current threat to the loss of the Earth's biodiversity is global warming. This is because when the ice melts, the cold comes down to us and makes us have rainy summers and very early snow and cold springs and cold autumns. And when the ice melts enough, water will start to come down and flood countries and cities, such as Manhattan. Scientists are predicting that California will break away from America.
The author assumes that the question can be answered by applying principles of anatomy, physics and evolutionary biology. First reason he suggests is that cats are small and they have a favourable mass-surface area ratio. Next, he suggests that cats have soft tissues that absorb the shock and they land on all four limbs, dividing the shock. This is because of their body shape and its centre of gravity. He says that felines have this kind of body structure (that canines lack) because years of falling from trees etc. has evolved their body in this way.
Answer:
air masses cooling as they increase in altitude and condense
<span>Norepinephrine uses the Second
Messenger System, which means, cells signal to each other what molecules have
been released that will trigger a physiological reaction. </span>
<span>
This phenomenon is activated after the ligand (ion or molecule) is bonded to its receptor
(protein molecule), creating a variation that causes a chain-reaction, that will
finally activate the Second Messenger. The latter will activate intercellular
molecules that will be able to control the cell’s activity. </span>
